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Relationships between level and change in sarcopenia and ther body composition components and adverse health outcomes: findings from the health, aging, and body composition study

Relationships between level and change in sarcopenia and ther body composition components and adverse health outcomes: findings from the health, aging, and body composition study
Relationships between level and change in sarcopenia and ther body composition components and adverse health outcomes: findings from the health, aging, and body composition study
We investigated how baseline values and rates of decline in components of sarcopenia and other body composition parameters relate to adverse clinical outcomes using the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. 2689 participants aged 70–79 years were studied. Appendicular lean mass, whole body fat mass, and total hip BMD were ascertained using DXA; muscle strength by grip dynamometry; and muscle function by gait speed. Baseline values and 2–3 year conditional changes (independent of baseline) in each characteristic were examined as predictors of mortality, hospital admission, low trauma fracture, and recurrent falls in the subsequent 10–14 years using Cox regression (generalized estimating equations used for recurrent falls) with adjustment for sex, ethnicity, age, and potential confounders. Lower levels and greater declines in all parameters (excluding hip BMD level) were associated (p < 0.05) with increased rates of mortality; fully-adjusted hazard ratios per SD lower gait speed and grip strength were 1.27 (95% CI 1.19, 1.36) and 1.14 (1.07, 1.21), respectively. Risk factors of hospital admission included lower levels and greater declines in gait speed and grip strength, and greater declines in hip BMD. Lower levels and greater declines in fat mass and hip BMD were associated with low trauma fracture. Lower gait speed, higher fat mass, and both lower levels and greater declines in grip strength were related to recurrent falls. Lower baseline levels and greater declines in musculoskeletal parameters were related to adverse outcomes. Interventions to maximize peak levels in earlier life and reduce rates of age-related decline may reduce the burden of disease in this age group.
0171-967X
Westbury, Leo
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Syddall, Holly Emma
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Fuggle, Nicholas
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Dennison, Elaine
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Harvey, Nicholas
ce487fb4-d360-4aac-9d17-9466d6cba145
Cauley, Jane A.
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Shiroma, Eric J.
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Fielding, Roger A.
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Newman, Anne B.
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Cooper, Cyrus
e05f5612-b493-4273-9b71-9e0ce32bdad6
Westbury, Leo
5ed45df3-3df7-4bf9-bbad-07b63cd4b281
Syddall, Holly Emma
a0181a93-8fc3-4998-a996-7963f0128328
Fuggle, Nicholas
9ab0c81a-ac67-41c4-8860-23e0fdb1a900
Dennison, Elaine
ee647287-edb4-4392-8361-e59fd505b1d1
Harvey, Nicholas
ce487fb4-d360-4aac-9d17-9466d6cba145
Cauley, Jane A.
fbc60b0d-09fd-445d-83df-b61521bcf775
Shiroma, Eric J.
6ddbea5d-7eb6-4a28-b345-eb413a442607
Fielding, Roger A.
36b26592-ce59-4443-ab26-185919da78c0
Newman, Anne B.
c20887ec-62be-4736-b599-256e76ca00d5
Cooper, Cyrus
e05f5612-b493-4273-9b71-9e0ce32bdad6

Westbury, Leo, Syddall, Holly Emma, Fuggle, Nicholas, Dennison, Elaine, Harvey, Nicholas, Cauley, Jane A., Shiroma, Eric J., Fielding, Roger A., Newman, Anne B. and Cooper, Cyrus (2020) Relationships between level and change in sarcopenia and ther body composition components and adverse health outcomes: findings from the health, aging, and body composition study. Calcified Tissue International.

Record type: Article

Abstract

We investigated how baseline values and rates of decline in components of sarcopenia and other body composition parameters relate to adverse clinical outcomes using the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. 2689 participants aged 70–79 years were studied. Appendicular lean mass, whole body fat mass, and total hip BMD were ascertained using DXA; muscle strength by grip dynamometry; and muscle function by gait speed. Baseline values and 2–3 year conditional changes (independent of baseline) in each characteristic were examined as predictors of mortality, hospital admission, low trauma fracture, and recurrent falls in the subsequent 10–14 years using Cox regression (generalized estimating equations used for recurrent falls) with adjustment for sex, ethnicity, age, and potential confounders. Lower levels and greater declines in all parameters (excluding hip BMD level) were associated (p < 0.05) with increased rates of mortality; fully-adjusted hazard ratios per SD lower gait speed and grip strength were 1.27 (95% CI 1.19, 1.36) and 1.14 (1.07, 1.21), respectively. Risk factors of hospital admission included lower levels and greater declines in gait speed and grip strength, and greater declines in hip BMD. Lower levels and greater declines in fat mass and hip BMD were associated with low trauma fracture. Lower gait speed, higher fat mass, and both lower levels and greater declines in grip strength were related to recurrent falls. Lower baseline levels and greater declines in musculoskeletal parameters were related to adverse outcomes. Interventions to maximize peak levels in earlier life and reduce rates of age-related decline may reduce the burden of disease in this age group.

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Accepted/In Press date: 27 October 2020
e-pub ahead of print date: 15 November 2020

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 445281
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/445281
ISSN: 0171-967X
PURE UUID: b8d665c4-ae17-4c09-be77-1943626f879a
ORCID for Leo Westbury: ORCID iD orcid.org/0009-0008-5853-8096
ORCID for Holly Emma Syddall: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-0171-0306
ORCID for Nicholas Fuggle: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-5463-2255
ORCID for Elaine Dennison: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-3048-4961
ORCID for Nicholas Harvey: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-8194-2512
ORCID for Cyrus Cooper: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-3510-0709

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 01 Dec 2020 17:30
Last modified: 18 Mar 2024 03:49

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Contributors

Author: Leo Westbury ORCID iD
Author: Nicholas Fuggle ORCID iD
Author: Elaine Dennison ORCID iD
Author: Nicholas Harvey ORCID iD
Author: Jane A. Cauley
Author: Eric J. Shiroma
Author: Roger A. Fielding
Author: Anne B. Newman
Author: Cyrus Cooper ORCID iD

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