Lithium insertion into TiO2 from aqueous solution - facilitated by nanostructure
Lithium insertion into TiO2 from aqueous solution - facilitated by nanostructure
This work investigates the effect of mesoporosity of titanium dioxide on its electrochemical reactivity in water. Nanostructured titanium dioxide films formed by the surfactant template method, unlike films prepared without surfactant, have been found to be reduced when cathodically polarised in aqueous lithium hydroxide. The result is attributed to accelerated lithium ion diffusion within the porous nanostructure, allowing a rapidly reversible insertion of lithium ions forming LixTiO2 with x as high as 0.27, corresponding to a charge capacity of 127 mC cm(-2) in a 1.3 mu m thick film. Self-discharge is slower than expected, with half-life of a few minutes under oxygen-free conditions. An all-nanostructured supercapacitor constructed from LixTiO2 and NiOOH2-x electrodes showed an average cell potential of 1.6 V, which is close to the maximum possible potential range in an aqueous solution. A specific energy of 90 W h kg(-1) is calculated, based on the combined mass of the charged electrodes.
tio2, lithium insertion, mesoporous, alkaline battery, supercapacitor, nanostructure, rutile electrodes, thin-films, intercalation
517-522
Reiman, Kenneth H.
ed48f1b1-67ac-4a17-af93-a6d2eaa70dc7
Brace, Karen M.
8067797e-bae4-4e2b-ad95-d62f5f180d60
Gordon-Smith, Toby J.
27b430c1-e880-46f9-8035-8a20e913b653
Nandhakumar, Iris
e9850fe5-1152-4df8-8a26-ed44b5564b04
Attard, George S.
3219075d-2364-4f00-aeb9-1d90f8cd0d36
Owen, John R.
067986ea-f3f3-4a83-bc87-7387cc5ac85d
2006
Reiman, Kenneth H.
ed48f1b1-67ac-4a17-af93-a6d2eaa70dc7
Brace, Karen M.
8067797e-bae4-4e2b-ad95-d62f5f180d60
Gordon-Smith, Toby J.
27b430c1-e880-46f9-8035-8a20e913b653
Nandhakumar, Iris
e9850fe5-1152-4df8-8a26-ed44b5564b04
Attard, George S.
3219075d-2364-4f00-aeb9-1d90f8cd0d36
Owen, John R.
067986ea-f3f3-4a83-bc87-7387cc5ac85d
Reiman, Kenneth H., Brace, Karen M., Gordon-Smith, Toby J., Nandhakumar, Iris, Attard, George S. and Owen, John R.
(2006)
Lithium insertion into TiO2 from aqueous solution - facilitated by nanostructure.
Electrochemistry Communications, 8 (4), .
(doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2006.01.017).
Abstract
This work investigates the effect of mesoporosity of titanium dioxide on its electrochemical reactivity in water. Nanostructured titanium dioxide films formed by the surfactant template method, unlike films prepared without surfactant, have been found to be reduced when cathodically polarised in aqueous lithium hydroxide. The result is attributed to accelerated lithium ion diffusion within the porous nanostructure, allowing a rapidly reversible insertion of lithium ions forming LixTiO2 with x as high as 0.27, corresponding to a charge capacity of 127 mC cm(-2) in a 1.3 mu m thick film. Self-discharge is slower than expected, with half-life of a few minutes under oxygen-free conditions. An all-nanostructured supercapacitor constructed from LixTiO2 and NiOOH2-x electrodes showed an average cell potential of 1.6 V, which is close to the maximum possible potential range in an aqueous solution. A specific energy of 90 W h kg(-1) is calculated, based on the combined mass of the charged electrodes.
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Published date: 2006
Keywords:
tio2, lithium insertion, mesoporous, alkaline battery, supercapacitor, nanostructure, rutile electrodes, thin-films, intercalation
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 44534
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/44534
ISSN: 1388-2481
PURE UUID: 311fa0f1-9f49-4f41-99bd-7657b6559c37
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Date deposited: 06 Mar 2007
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 02:58
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Contributors
Author:
Kenneth H. Reiman
Author:
Karen M. Brace
Author:
Toby J. Gordon-Smith
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