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Morphological and cytokine profiles as key parameters to distinguish between Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial keratitis

Morphological and cytokine profiles as key parameters to distinguish between Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial keratitis
Morphological and cytokine profiles as key parameters to distinguish between Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial keratitis
Bacterial keratitis (BK) is an ocular disorder associated with poor visual prognosis. Quantification of the associated inflammatory response may provide insight into the pathogenesis of BK and guide treatment options. In this exploratory study, we evaluated 45 BK patients and 20 healthy controls by optical coherence tomography and pro-inflammatory tear cytokine analysis. The aim was to quantify the differential morphological and cytokine inflammatory response between Gram-negative and Gram-positive BK and to determine the diagnostic value of corneal thickness (CT) and infiltrate thickness (IT) in distinguishing Gram-ve BK in a clinical cohort.
Greater CT and IT, at clinical presentation, were indicative of Gram-ve infection with values detected of ≥950μm and ≥450μm, respectively. Combination of these CT and IT values had a 100% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity as a diagnostic indicator of Gram-ve infection. Similarly, there were higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 cytokines were quantified in keratitis caused by Gram-negative bacteria. Among the different tear cytokines analysed, a significant reduction after three days of treatment was detected for pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α, prior to starting with the administration of steroid drops. Overall, this study shows the potential value of serial OCT and tear cytokine measurements in the management of BK.
2045-2322
Konstantopoulos, Aristides
c54185a9-1ef3-4b6d-91a3-38de444cc4fb
Cendra gascon, Maria del mar DM
150d34a4-4598-4138-96c0-06f3f338cca2
Tsatos, Michael
49820135-c443-4bb0-aa7c-f602ea3207af
Christodoulides, Myron
eba99148-620c-452a-a334-c1a52ba94078
Hossain, Parwez
563de5fc-84ad-4539-9228-bde0237eaf51
Konstantopoulos, Aristides
c54185a9-1ef3-4b6d-91a3-38de444cc4fb
Cendra gascon, Maria del mar DM
150d34a4-4598-4138-96c0-06f3f338cca2
Tsatos, Michael
49820135-c443-4bb0-aa7c-f602ea3207af
Christodoulides, Myron
eba99148-620c-452a-a334-c1a52ba94078
Hossain, Parwez
563de5fc-84ad-4539-9228-bde0237eaf51

Konstantopoulos, Aristides, Cendra gascon, Maria del mar DM, Tsatos, Michael, Christodoulides, Myron and Hossain, Parwez (2020) Morphological and cytokine profiles as key parameters to distinguish between Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial keratitis. Scientific Reports, 10 (1), [20092]. (doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77088-w).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Bacterial keratitis (BK) is an ocular disorder associated with poor visual prognosis. Quantification of the associated inflammatory response may provide insight into the pathogenesis of BK and guide treatment options. In this exploratory study, we evaluated 45 BK patients and 20 healthy controls by optical coherence tomography and pro-inflammatory tear cytokine analysis. The aim was to quantify the differential morphological and cytokine inflammatory response between Gram-negative and Gram-positive BK and to determine the diagnostic value of corneal thickness (CT) and infiltrate thickness (IT) in distinguishing Gram-ve BK in a clinical cohort.
Greater CT and IT, at clinical presentation, were indicative of Gram-ve infection with values detected of ≥950μm and ≥450μm, respectively. Combination of these CT and IT values had a 100% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity as a diagnostic indicator of Gram-ve infection. Similarly, there were higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 cytokines were quantified in keratitis caused by Gram-negative bacteria. Among the different tear cytokines analysed, a significant reduction after three days of treatment was detected for pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α, prior to starting with the administration of steroid drops. Overall, this study shows the potential value of serial OCT and tear cytokine measurements in the management of BK.

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s41598-020-77088-w - Version of Record
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Accepted/In Press date: 4 November 2020
e-pub ahead of print date: 18 November 2020
Published date: December 2020
Additional Information: Funding Information: This work was supported by funds from the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, National Eye Research Centre and the Network for Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Prevention (NAMPRIP) funded from the Engineering and Physical Science Research Council, UK Grant (EP/M027260/1). We would like to acknowledge the NIHR biomedical statistician Catey Bunce for her help and advice with the statistical analyses of this study. Publisher Copyright: © 2020, The Author(s).

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 445368
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/445368
ISSN: 2045-2322
PURE UUID: db837d6e-eadf-4c9b-9b8d-ced72e97b8a7
ORCID for Myron Christodoulides: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-9663-4731
ORCID for Parwez Hossain: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-3131-2395

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Date deposited: 04 Dec 2020 17:30
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 03:04

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Contributors

Author: Aristides Konstantopoulos
Author: Maria del mar DM Cendra gascon
Author: Michael Tsatos
Author: Parwez Hossain ORCID iD

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