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Rising prevalence of allergy to peanut in children: Data from 2 sequential cohorts

Rising prevalence of allergy to peanut in children: Data from 2 sequential cohorts
Rising prevalence of allergy to peanut in children: Data from 2 sequential cohorts
BACKGROUND: Allergy to peanut is common. However, it is not known whether the prevalence of sensitization and clinical allergy to peanut is increasing. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine any change in the prevalence of peanut sensitization and reactivity in early childhood in 2 sequential cohorts in the same geographic area 6 years apart. METHODS: Of 2878 children born between September 1, 1994, and August 31, 1996, living on the Isle of Wight, 1273 completed questionnaires, and 1246 had skin prick tests at the age of 3 to 4 years. Those with positive skin prick test responses to peanut were subjected to oral peanut challenges, unless there was a history of immediate systemic reaction. These data were compared with information on sensitization and clinical allergy to peanut available from a previous cohort born in 1989 in the same geographic area. RESULTS: There was a 2-fold increase in reported peanut allergy (0.5 % [6/1218] to 1.0 % [13/1273]), but the difference was nonsignificant (P =.2). Peanut sensitization increased 3-fold, with 41 (3.3 %) of 1246 children sensitized in 1994 to 1996 compared with 11 (1.1 %) of 981 sensitized 6 years ago (P =.001). Of 41 sensitized children in the current study, 10 reported a convincing clinical reaction to peanut, and 8 had positive oral challenge results, giving an overall estimate of peanut allergy of 1.5% (18/1246). CONCLUSIONS: Sensitization to peanut had increased between 1989 and 1994 to 1996. There was a strong but statistically nonsignificant trend for increase in reported peanut allergy.
0091-6749
784-789
Grundy, Jane
f8d6ced1-b9ab-4ee9-aa14-2f2805597fbe
Matthews, Sharon
da71ceaa-c974-4fda-aea0-13c7cdecaf04
Bateman, Belinda
517b9b40-9557-4e30-ba2f-26a4f25ddab3
Dean, Taraneh
1bb6a824-55c0-484a-a3f9-3f4ea60912fc
Arshad, Syed Hasan
917e246d-2e60-472f-8d30-94b01ef28958
Grundy, Jane
f8d6ced1-b9ab-4ee9-aa14-2f2805597fbe
Matthews, Sharon
da71ceaa-c974-4fda-aea0-13c7cdecaf04
Bateman, Belinda
517b9b40-9557-4e30-ba2f-26a4f25ddab3
Dean, Taraneh
1bb6a824-55c0-484a-a3f9-3f4ea60912fc
Arshad, Syed Hasan
917e246d-2e60-472f-8d30-94b01ef28958

Grundy, Jane, Matthews, Sharon, Bateman, Belinda, Dean, Taraneh and Arshad, Syed Hasan (2002) Rising prevalence of allergy to peanut in children: Data from 2 sequential cohorts. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 110 (5), 784-789. (doi:10.1067/mai.2002.128802).

Record type: Article

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Allergy to peanut is common. However, it is not known whether the prevalence of sensitization and clinical allergy to peanut is increasing. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine any change in the prevalence of peanut sensitization and reactivity in early childhood in 2 sequential cohorts in the same geographic area 6 years apart. METHODS: Of 2878 children born between September 1, 1994, and August 31, 1996, living on the Isle of Wight, 1273 completed questionnaires, and 1246 had skin prick tests at the age of 3 to 4 years. Those with positive skin prick test responses to peanut were subjected to oral peanut challenges, unless there was a history of immediate systemic reaction. These data were compared with information on sensitization and clinical allergy to peanut available from a previous cohort born in 1989 in the same geographic area. RESULTS: There was a 2-fold increase in reported peanut allergy (0.5 % [6/1218] to 1.0 % [13/1273]), but the difference was nonsignificant (P =.2). Peanut sensitization increased 3-fold, with 41 (3.3 %) of 1246 children sensitized in 1994 to 1996 compared with 11 (1.1 %) of 981 sensitized 6 years ago (P =.001). Of 41 sensitized children in the current study, 10 reported a convincing clinical reaction to peanut, and 8 had positive oral challenge results, giving an overall estimate of peanut allergy of 1.5% (18/1246). CONCLUSIONS: Sensitization to peanut had increased between 1989 and 1994 to 1996. There was a strong but statistically nonsignificant trend for increase in reported peanut allergy.

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Published date: November 2002

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 44629
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/44629
ISSN: 0091-6749
PURE UUID: dc946162-3a74-4811-8fd7-e746fcc43941

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Date deposited: 05 Mar 2007
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 09:06

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Contributors

Author: Jane Grundy
Author: Sharon Matthews
Author: Belinda Bateman
Author: Taraneh Dean

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