Polarization effects on thermally stable latency in hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers
Polarization effects on thermally stable latency in hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers
Conveyance of light in air endows hollow-core optical fibers with remarkably low sensitivity of the propagation delay to temperature changes. This sensitivity was demonstrated to be further reduced and even made negative (crossing zero) in photonic bandgap type of hollow core fibers. When operating long lengths of this fiber close to the zero sensitivity wavelength, it was observed experimentally that there is a small residual variation in propagation delay which had no apparent correlation to imposed temperature changes. In this paper, we analyze the polarization effects that give rise to this variation, showing that the highest level of practically achievable thermal stability of the latency is limited by polarization mode dispersion. We show measurements of differential group delay between polarization modes in long lengths of photonic bandgap fiber at various temperatures and focus on spectral regions where thermally stable latency is predicted and measured. Our experimental observations, corroborated by numerical simulations, indicate the presence of strong polarization mode coupling in the fibers in addition to birefringence. The detailed understanding gained through this study allows us to propose practically achievable (i.e., manufacturable) fiber designs with up to three orders of magnitude lower polarization mode dispersion at wavelengths where the latency is insensitive to thermal fluctuations. This paves the way to fibers with polarization independent and thermally stable latency to serve a multitude of applications.
2142-2150
Numkam Fokoua, Eric
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Zhu, Wenwu
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Ding, Meng
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Feng, Zitong
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Chen, Yong
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Bradley, Thomas D.
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Jasion, Gregory T.
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Richardson, David J.
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Poletti, Francesco
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Slavík, Radan
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2 April 2021
Numkam Fokoua, Eric
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Zhu, Wenwu
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Ding, Meng
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Feng, Zitong
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Chen, Yong
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Bradley, Thomas D.
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Jasion, Gregory T.
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Richardson, David J.
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Poletti, Francesco
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Slavík, Radan
2591726a-ecc0-4d1a-8e1d-4d0fd8da8f7d
Numkam Fokoua, Eric, Zhu, Wenwu, Ding, Meng, Feng, Zitong, Chen, Yong, Bradley, Thomas D., Jasion, Gregory T., Richardson, David J., Poletti, Francesco and Slavík, Radan
(2021)
Polarization effects on thermally stable latency in hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers.
Journal of Lightwave Technology, 39 (7), .
(doi:10.1109/JLT.2020.3043832).
Abstract
Conveyance of light in air endows hollow-core optical fibers with remarkably low sensitivity of the propagation delay to temperature changes. This sensitivity was demonstrated to be further reduced and even made negative (crossing zero) in photonic bandgap type of hollow core fibers. When operating long lengths of this fiber close to the zero sensitivity wavelength, it was observed experimentally that there is a small residual variation in propagation delay which had no apparent correlation to imposed temperature changes. In this paper, we analyze the polarization effects that give rise to this variation, showing that the highest level of practically achievable thermal stability of the latency is limited by polarization mode dispersion. We show measurements of differential group delay between polarization modes in long lengths of photonic bandgap fiber at various temperatures and focus on spectral regions where thermally stable latency is predicted and measured. Our experimental observations, corroborated by numerical simulations, indicate the presence of strong polarization mode coupling in the fibers in addition to birefringence. The detailed understanding gained through this study allows us to propose practically achievable (i.e., manufacturable) fiber designs with up to three orders of magnitude lower polarization mode dispersion at wavelengths where the latency is insensitive to thermal fluctuations. This paves the way to fibers with polarization independent and thermally stable latency to serve a multitude of applications.
Text
Polarization Effects on Thermally Stable Latency in Hollow-Core Photonic Bandgap Fibers
- Accepted Manuscript
More information
Accepted/In Press date: 1 December 2020
e-pub ahead of print date: 10 December 2020
Published date: 2 April 2021
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 446602
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/446602
ISSN: 0733-8724
PURE UUID: 49e67c44-0073-467a-9773-058326d7ece4
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Date deposited: 16 Feb 2021 17:30
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 06:16
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Author:
Eric Numkam Fokoua
Author:
Wenwu Zhu
Author:
Zitong Feng
Author:
Thomas D. Bradley
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