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From core collapse to superluminous: the rates of massive stellar explosions from the Palomar Transient Factory

From core collapse to superluminous: the rates of massive stellar explosions from the Palomar Transient Factory
From core collapse to superluminous: the rates of massive stellar explosions from the Palomar Transient Factory

We present measurements of the local core-collapse supernova (CCSN) rate using SN discoveries from the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF). We use a Monte Carlo simulation of hundreds of millions of SN light-curve realizations coupled with the detailed PTF survey detection efficiencies to forward model the SN rates in PTF. Using a sample of 86 CCSNe, including 26 stripped-envelope SNe (SESNe), we show that the overall CCSN volumetric rate is CCv=9.10-1.27+1.56× 10-5SNe yr-1Mpc-3, h703 at za = 0.028, and the SESN volumetric rate is SEv=2.41-0.64+0.81× 10-5SNe yr-1Mpc-3, h703. We further measure a volumetric rate for hydrogen-free superluminous SNe (SLSNe-I) using eight events at z ≤ 0.2 of SLSN-Iv=35-13+25 SNe yr-1Gpc-3, h703, which represents the most precise SLSN-I rate measurement to date. Using a simple cosmic star formation history to adjust these volumetric rate measurements to the same redshift, we measure a local ratio of SLSN-I to SESN of ∼1/810+1500-94, and of SLSN-I to all CCSN types of ∼1/3500+2800-720. However, using host galaxy stellar mass as a proxy for metallicity, we also show that this ratio is strongly metallicity dependent: in low-mass (logM∗ < 9.5 M·) galaxies, which are the only environments that host SLSN-I in our sample, we measure an SLSN-I to SESN fraction of 1/300+380-170 and 1/1700+1800-720 for all CCSN. We further investigate the SN rates a function of host galaxy stellar mass, and show that the specific rates of all CCSNe decrease with increasing stellar mass.

methods: data analysis, transients: supernovae
1365-2966
5142-5158
Frohmaier, C
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Angus, C R
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Vincenzi, M
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Sullivan, M
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Smith, M
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Nugent, P E
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Cenko, S B
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Gal-Yam, A
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Kulkarni, S R
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Law, N M
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Quimby, R M
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Frohmaier, C
e752dabb-bbdc-430d-ac86-861ea58d0e1b
Angus, C R
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Vincenzi, M
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Sullivan, M
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Smith, M
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Nugent, P E
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Cenko, S B
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Gal-Yam, A
32060b88-6fbc-42cc-9ec3-1de2842aa0e5
Kulkarni, S R
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Law, N M
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Quimby, R M
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Frohmaier, C, Angus, C R, Vincenzi, M, Sullivan, M, Smith, M, Nugent, P E, Cenko, S B, Gal-Yam, A, Kulkarni, S R, Law, N M and Quimby, R M (2021) From core collapse to superluminous: the rates of massive stellar explosions from the Palomar Transient Factory. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 500 (4), 5142-5158. (doi:10.1093/mnras/staa3607).

Record type: Article

Abstract

We present measurements of the local core-collapse supernova (CCSN) rate using SN discoveries from the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF). We use a Monte Carlo simulation of hundreds of millions of SN light-curve realizations coupled with the detailed PTF survey detection efficiencies to forward model the SN rates in PTF. Using a sample of 86 CCSNe, including 26 stripped-envelope SNe (SESNe), we show that the overall CCSN volumetric rate is CCv=9.10-1.27+1.56× 10-5SNe yr-1Mpc-3, h703 at za = 0.028, and the SESN volumetric rate is SEv=2.41-0.64+0.81× 10-5SNe yr-1Mpc-3, h703. We further measure a volumetric rate for hydrogen-free superluminous SNe (SLSNe-I) using eight events at z ≤ 0.2 of SLSN-Iv=35-13+25 SNe yr-1Gpc-3, h703, which represents the most precise SLSN-I rate measurement to date. Using a simple cosmic star formation history to adjust these volumetric rate measurements to the same redshift, we measure a local ratio of SLSN-I to SESN of ∼1/810+1500-94, and of SLSN-I to all CCSN types of ∼1/3500+2800-720. However, using host galaxy stellar mass as a proxy for metallicity, we also show that this ratio is strongly metallicity dependent: in low-mass (logM∗ < 9.5 M·) galaxies, which are the only environments that host SLSN-I in our sample, we measure an SLSN-I to SESN fraction of 1/300+380-170 and 1/1700+1800-720 for all CCSN. We further investigate the SN rates a function of host galaxy stellar mass, and show that the specific rates of all CCSNe decrease with increasing stellar mass.

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From core collapse to superluminous The rates of massive stellar explosions from the Palomar Transient Factory - Accepted Manuscript
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Accepted/In Press date: 16 November 2020
e-pub ahead of print date: 21 November 2020
Published date: 1 February 2021
Additional Information: Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.
Keywords: methods: data analysis, transients: supernovae

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 447074
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/447074
ISSN: 1365-2966
PURE UUID: bc728773-b28c-4289-af3d-2208f55af087
ORCID for C Frohmaier: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-9553-4723
ORCID for M Sullivan: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-4820
ORCID for M Smith: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-1432

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Date deposited: 02 Mar 2021 17:33
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 04:05

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Contributors

Author: C Frohmaier ORCID iD
Author: C R Angus
Author: M Vincenzi
Author: M Sullivan ORCID iD
Author: M Smith ORCID iD
Author: P E Nugent
Author: S B Cenko
Author: A Gal-Yam
Author: S R Kulkarni
Author: N M Law
Author: R M Quimby

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