Space-time coded generalized spatial modulation for sparse code division multiple access

Abstract

Space-time coded generalized spatial modulationaided sparse code division multiple access (STC/GSM-SCDMA) is proposed, which exploits the two-dimensional transmit diversity potential of both the spatial and of the frequency domain. Hence, it constitutes a promising solution for the pervasive connectivity of devices in next-generation nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems. More explicitly, our STC/GSM scheme achieves diversity in the spatial-domain, while the sparse signalspreading action of SCDMA results in frequency-domain (FD) diversity. A single-user bit error rate (BER) bound is derived as the benchmark of the BER performance of our STC/GSMSCDMA system. Furthermore, a pair of novel detectors, namely a bespoke message passing aided (MPA) detector and a tailormade approximate message passing (AMP) detector are conceived by designing a new factor graphs for our proposed STC/GSMSCDMA
system. The performance of these detectors is characterized in terms of their BER vs. complexity. Our simulation results show that the proposed AMP detector is capable of operating within 2 dB of the MPA detector’s signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirement, while supporting a normalized user load of 150%, despite its appealing low complexity, which is about 1000 times lower than the MPA detector.

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Identifiers

ORCID for Luping Xiang: orcid.org/0000-0003-1465-6708

ORCID for Lie-Liang Yang: orcid.org/0000-0002-2032-9327

ORCID for Lajos Hanzo: orcid.org/0000-0002-2636-5214

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