No Special K! A signal detection framework of the strategic regulation of memory accuracy
No Special K! A signal detection framework of the strategic regulation of memory accuracy
Two experiments investigated criterion setting and metacognitive processes underlying the strategic regulation of accuracy on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) using type-2 signal detection theory (SDT). In Experiment 1, report bias was manipulated by penalizing participants either 0.25 (low incentive) or 4 (high incentive) points for each error. Best guesses to unanswered items were obtained so that type-2 signal-detection indices of discrimination and bias could be calculated. The same incentive manipulation was used in Experiment 2, only the test was computerized, confidence ratings were taken so that receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves could be generated, and feedback was manipulated. The results of both experiments demonstrated that SDT provides a viable alternative to Koriat and Goldsmith’s (1996c) framework of monitoring and control and reveals information about the regulation of accuracy that their framework does not. For example, ROC analysis indicated that the threshold model implied by formula scoring is inadequate. Instead, performance on the SAT should be modelled with an equalvariance, Gaussian, type-2, signal-detection model.
1-22
Higham, P. A.
4093b28f-7d58-4d18-89d4-021792e418e7
2007
Higham, P. A.
4093b28f-7d58-4d18-89d4-021792e418e7
Higham, P. A.
(2007)
No Special K! A signal detection framework of the strategic regulation of memory accuracy.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 136 (1), .
(doi:10.1037/0096-3445.136.1.1).
(PMID:17324082)
Abstract
Two experiments investigated criterion setting and metacognitive processes underlying the strategic regulation of accuracy on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) using type-2 signal detection theory (SDT). In Experiment 1, report bias was manipulated by penalizing participants either 0.25 (low incentive) or 4 (high incentive) points for each error. Best guesses to unanswered items were obtained so that type-2 signal-detection indices of discrimination and bias could be calculated. The same incentive manipulation was used in Experiment 2, only the test was computerized, confidence ratings were taken so that receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves could be generated, and feedback was manipulated. The results of both experiments demonstrated that SDT provides a viable alternative to Koriat and Goldsmith’s (1996c) framework of monitoring and control and reveals information about the regulation of accuracy that their framework does not. For example, ROC analysis indicated that the threshold model implied by formula scoring is inadequate. Instead, performance on the SAT should be modelled with an equalvariance, Gaussian, type-2, signal-detection model.
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Published date: 2007
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Local EPrints ID: 44811
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/44811
ISSN: 0096-3445
PURE UUID: 4508e715-8f8b-47a2-8eee-e7f6940ad283
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Date deposited: 16 Mar 2007
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 03:18
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