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Surface form analysis on complex freeform organic structures – measuring erosive wear on human teeth in vitro

Surface form analysis on complex freeform organic structures – measuring erosive wear on human teeth in vitro
Surface form analysis on complex freeform organic structures – measuring erosive wear on human teeth in vitro

Natural human enamel (NHE) is a complex freeform surface which has presented significant difficulties in measuring surface form change using non-contacting laser profilometry (NCLP). Measuring surface form change on NHE is a metrology proxy for measuring dental tooth structure loss, and characterising this using non-ISO parameters (volume, surface area, and normalised lesion depth) has been seldom studied due surface complexity and undetermined measurement errors. This study determines NCLP measurement errors (instrument repeatability and method reproducibility) for non-ISO parameters, characterises change in surface form on NHE following a dietary pH-cycling model. NHE (n = 1) was scanned consecutively twenty-times using NCLP with/without sample replacement producing consecutive surface profile data. Residual data was created after subtracting consecutive filtered profile data (80 μm, Gaussian filter), and mean (SD) volume, surface area, and normalised lesion depth was determined within a 1.5 mm circular region of interest (ROI). Volume error (expressed as height variation across ROI surface area) was 0.022 μm (instrument repeatability) and 0.149 μm (method reproducibility), whilst surface area error (expressed as percentage change of the surface area deviation across the entire surface area) was 0.034% (repeatability error) and 0.081% (reproducibility error). Sixty-four natural enamel surfaces taped with polyvinyl-chloride tape leaving 1.5 mm exposed ROI underwent dietary erosion cycling (three 5-min cycles, 0.3% citric acid w/v, pH 3.2) generating artificial erosion lesions. Samples were scanned with NCLP before/after each erosion cycle, scans filtered for microtexture, and after-erosion scans were subtracted from before-erosion scans. NCLP results show mean (SD) volume, surface area, normalised depth, and 3D step-height of the eroded area increased significantly after each erosion cycle, with no significant difference in calcium and phosphate release after each cycle. We demonstrate a robust and valid dental model with analysis workflow to measure surface form change in NHE using NCLP, improving understanding of measuring surface form change in complex freeform surfaces.

dental erosion, natural enamel, surface profilometry
2051-672X
Mylonas, Petros
7c78898e-ff5f-4453-881c-57693a5f4d48
Moazzez, Rebecca
b3178850-4e68-41ba-b2d3-5b80d67ed20f
Joiner, Andrew
1e89742b-f813-4d26-9edc-f4258c394308
Bartlett, D
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Bull, Thomas
93bf0964-0be6-44a8-a4e3-f1637c509728
McBride, John
d9429c29-9361-4747-9ba3-376297cb8770
Mylonas, Petros
7c78898e-ff5f-4453-881c-57693a5f4d48
Moazzez, Rebecca
b3178850-4e68-41ba-b2d3-5b80d67ed20f
Joiner, Andrew
1e89742b-f813-4d26-9edc-f4258c394308
Bartlett, D
1ba2c6c3-f501-4d84-8de1-197b8c9d35c3
Bull, Thomas
93bf0964-0be6-44a8-a4e3-f1637c509728
McBride, John
d9429c29-9361-4747-9ba3-376297cb8770

Mylonas, Petros, Moazzez, Rebecca, Joiner, Andrew, Bartlett, D, Bull, Thomas and McBride, John (2021) Surface form analysis on complex freeform organic structures – measuring erosive wear on human teeth in vitro. Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties, 9 (2), [025024]. (doi:10.1088/2051-672X/abfd07).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Natural human enamel (NHE) is a complex freeform surface which has presented significant difficulties in measuring surface form change using non-contacting laser profilometry (NCLP). Measuring surface form change on NHE is a metrology proxy for measuring dental tooth structure loss, and characterising this using non-ISO parameters (volume, surface area, and normalised lesion depth) has been seldom studied due surface complexity and undetermined measurement errors. This study determines NCLP measurement errors (instrument repeatability and method reproducibility) for non-ISO parameters, characterises change in surface form on NHE following a dietary pH-cycling model. NHE (n = 1) was scanned consecutively twenty-times using NCLP with/without sample replacement producing consecutive surface profile data. Residual data was created after subtracting consecutive filtered profile data (80 μm, Gaussian filter), and mean (SD) volume, surface area, and normalised lesion depth was determined within a 1.5 mm circular region of interest (ROI). Volume error (expressed as height variation across ROI surface area) was 0.022 μm (instrument repeatability) and 0.149 μm (method reproducibility), whilst surface area error (expressed as percentage change of the surface area deviation across the entire surface area) was 0.034% (repeatability error) and 0.081% (reproducibility error). Sixty-four natural enamel surfaces taped with polyvinyl-chloride tape leaving 1.5 mm exposed ROI underwent dietary erosion cycling (three 5-min cycles, 0.3% citric acid w/v, pH 3.2) generating artificial erosion lesions. Samples were scanned with NCLP before/after each erosion cycle, scans filtered for microtexture, and after-erosion scans were subtracted from before-erosion scans. NCLP results show mean (SD) volume, surface area, normalised depth, and 3D step-height of the eroded area increased significantly after each erosion cycle, with no significant difference in calcium and phosphate release after each cycle. We demonstrate a robust and valid dental model with analysis workflow to measure surface form change in NHE using NCLP, improving understanding of measuring surface form change in complex freeform surfaces.

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More information

Accepted/In Press date: 29 April 2021
e-pub ahead of print date: 10 May 2021
Published date: June 2021
Additional Information: Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.
Keywords: dental erosion, natural enamel, surface profilometry

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 449545
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/449545
ISSN: 2051-672X
PURE UUID: 9fbf0ced-1c02-4264-aea6-1f754ee2668a
ORCID for John McBride: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-3024-0326

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Date deposited: 07 Jun 2021 16:31
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 02:35

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Contributors

Author: Petros Mylonas
Author: Rebecca Moazzez
Author: Andrew Joiner
Author: D Bartlett
Author: Thomas Bull
Author: John McBride ORCID iD

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