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A rapid systematic review of public responses to health messages encouraging vaccination against infectious diseases in a pandemic or epidemic

A rapid systematic review of public responses to health messages encouraging vaccination against infectious diseases in a pandemic or epidemic
A rapid systematic review of public responses to health messages encouraging vaccination against infectious diseases in a pandemic or epidemic

Public health teams need to understand how the public responds to vaccination messages in a pandemic or epidemic to inform successful campaigns encouraging the uptake of new vaccines as they become available. A rapid systematic review was performed by searching PsycINFO, MED-LINE, healthevidence.org, OSF Preprints and PsyArXiv Preprints in May 2020 for studies including at least one health message promoting vaccine uptake of airborne-, droplet-and fomite-spread vi-ruses. Included studies were assessed for quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) or the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR), and for patient and public involvement (PPI) in the research. Thirty-five articles were included. Most reported messages for seasonal influenza (n = 11; 31%) or H1N1 (n = 11; 31%). Evidence from moderate to high quality studies for improving vaccine uptake included providing information about virus risks and vaccination safety, as well as addressing vaccine misunderstandings, offering vaccination reminders, including vaccination clinic details, and delivering mixed media campaigns across hospitals or communities. Behavioural influences (beliefs and intentions) were improved when: shorter, risk-reducing or relative risk framing messages were used; the benefits of vaccination to society were emphasised; and beliefs about capability and concerns among target populations (e.g., vaccine safety) were addressed. Clear, credible, messages in a language target groups can understand were associated with higher accept-ability. Two studies (6%) described PPI in the research process. Future campaigns should consider the beliefs and information needs of target populations in their design, including ensuring that vaccine eligibility and availability is clear, and messages are accessible. More high quality research is needed to demonstrate the effects of messaging interventions on actual vaccine uptake.

Epidemics, Pandemics, Public health messaging, Systematic review, Vaccine hesitancy, Vaccine uptake
2076-393X
Lawes-Wickwar, Sadie
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Ghio, Daniela
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Tang, Mei Yee
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Keyworth, Chris
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Stanescu, Sabina
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Westbrook, Juliette
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Jenkinson, Elizabeth
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Kassianos, Angelos P.
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Scanlan, Daniel
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Garnett, Natalie
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Laidlaw, Lynn
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Howlett, Neil
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Carr, Natalie
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Stanulewicz, Natalia
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Guest, Ella
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Watson, Daniella
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Sutherland, Lisa
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Byrne-Davis, Lucie
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Chater, Angel
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Hart, Jo
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Armitage, Christopher J.
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Shorter, Gillian W.
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Swanson, Vivien
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Epton, Tracy
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Lawes-Wickwar, Sadie
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Ghio, Daniela
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Tang, Mei Yee
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Keyworth, Chris
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Stanescu, Sabina
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Westbrook, Juliette
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Jenkinson, Elizabeth
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Kassianos, Angelos P.
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Scanlan, Daniel
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Garnett, Natalie
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Laidlaw, Lynn
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Howlett, Neil
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Carr, Natalie
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Stanulewicz, Natalia
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Guest, Ella
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Watson, Daniella
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Sutherland, Lisa
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Byrne-Davis, Lucie
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Chater, Angel
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Hart, Jo
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Armitage, Christopher J.
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Shorter, Gillian W.
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Swanson, Vivien
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Epton, Tracy
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Lawes-Wickwar, Sadie, Ghio, Daniela, Tang, Mei Yee, Keyworth, Chris, Stanescu, Sabina, Westbrook, Juliette, Jenkinson, Elizabeth, Kassianos, Angelos P., Scanlan, Daniel, Garnett, Natalie, Laidlaw, Lynn, Howlett, Neil, Carr, Natalie, Stanulewicz, Natalia, Guest, Ella, Watson, Daniella, Sutherland, Lisa, Byrne-Davis, Lucie, Chater, Angel, Hart, Jo, Armitage, Christopher J., Shorter, Gillian W., Swanson, Vivien and Epton, Tracy (2021) A rapid systematic review of public responses to health messages encouraging vaccination against infectious diseases in a pandemic or epidemic. Vaccines, 9 (2). (doi:10.3390/vaccines9020072).

Record type: Review

Abstract

Public health teams need to understand how the public responds to vaccination messages in a pandemic or epidemic to inform successful campaigns encouraging the uptake of new vaccines as they become available. A rapid systematic review was performed by searching PsycINFO, MED-LINE, healthevidence.org, OSF Preprints and PsyArXiv Preprints in May 2020 for studies including at least one health message promoting vaccine uptake of airborne-, droplet-and fomite-spread vi-ruses. Included studies were assessed for quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) or the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR), and for patient and public involvement (PPI) in the research. Thirty-five articles were included. Most reported messages for seasonal influenza (n = 11; 31%) or H1N1 (n = 11; 31%). Evidence from moderate to high quality studies for improving vaccine uptake included providing information about virus risks and vaccination safety, as well as addressing vaccine misunderstandings, offering vaccination reminders, including vaccination clinic details, and delivering mixed media campaigns across hospitals or communities. Behavioural influences (beliefs and intentions) were improved when: shorter, risk-reducing or relative risk framing messages were used; the benefits of vaccination to society were emphasised; and beliefs about capability and concerns among target populations (e.g., vaccine safety) were addressed. Clear, credible, messages in a language target groups can understand were associated with higher accept-ability. Two studies (6%) described PPI in the research process. Future campaigns should consider the beliefs and information needs of target populations in their design, including ensuring that vaccine eligibility and availability is clear, and messages are accessible. More high quality research is needed to demonstrate the effects of messaging interventions on actual vaccine uptake.

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Accepted/In Press date: 14 January 2021
Published date: 20 January 2021
Additional Information: Funding Information: Acknowledgments: This review was an unfunded project. CJA receives support from NIHR Manchester biomedical Research Centre and NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Keywords: Epidemics, Pandemics, Public health messaging, Systematic review, Vaccine hesitancy, Vaccine uptake

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 450516
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/450516
ISSN: 2076-393X
PURE UUID: 00081e48-fbbf-49a0-bcbe-7486d860cbd3
ORCID for Sabina Stanescu: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-0792-8939

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 02 Aug 2021 16:31
Last modified: 18 Mar 2024 03:39

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Contributors

Author: Sadie Lawes-Wickwar
Author: Daniela Ghio
Author: Mei Yee Tang
Author: Chris Keyworth
Author: Sabina Stanescu ORCID iD
Author: Juliette Westbrook
Author: Elizabeth Jenkinson
Author: Angelos P. Kassianos
Author: Daniel Scanlan
Author: Natalie Garnett
Author: Lynn Laidlaw
Author: Neil Howlett
Author: Natalie Carr
Author: Natalia Stanulewicz
Author: Ella Guest
Author: Daniella Watson
Author: Lisa Sutherland
Author: Lucie Byrne-Davis
Author: Angel Chater
Author: Jo Hart
Author: Christopher J. Armitage
Author: Gillian W. Shorter
Author: Vivien Swanson
Author: Tracy Epton

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