Gambling Disorder in the United Kingdom: key research priorities and the urgent need for independent research funding
Gambling Disorder in the United Kingdom: key research priorities and the urgent need for independent research funding
Gambling in the modern era is pervasive due to the variety of gambling opportunities including use of technology (such as online applications on smartphones). While many people gamble recreationally without undue negative impact, a sizable subset of individuals develop disordered gambling, associated with marked functional impairment including other mental health problems, relationship problems, bankruptcy, suicidality and criminality. The National UK Research Network for Behavioural Addictions (NUK-BA) was established to promote understanding, research, and treatments for behavioural addictions including Gambling Disorder, which constitutes the only currently recognized formal ‘behavioural’ addiction. This statement from NUK-BA identifies the current status of research and treatment for disordered gambling in the UK (including funding issues), and key research that must be conducted in order to establish the magnitude of the problem, vulnerability and resilience factors, neurobiology, long-term consequences, and treatment opportunities. In particular, we highlight the need to: 1) Conduct independent longitudinal research on prevalence of disordered gambling (Gambling Disorder and at-risk gambling), and gambling harms, including in vulnerable and minority groups; 2) Select and refine the optimal pragmatic measurement tools; 3) Identify predictors (vulnerability and resilience markers) of disordered gambling in people who gamble recreationally, including in vulnerable and minority groups, longitudinally; 4) Conduct randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on psychological interventions and pharmacotherapy for gambling disorder; 5) Optimise our understanding of the neurobiological basis of Gambling Disorder, including genetics, impulsivity and compulsivity, and biomarkers; and 6) Develop clinical guidelines based upon the best possible contemporary research evidence to guide effective clinical interventions. We also highlight the need to consider what can be learnt from other countries’ approaches towards mitigating gambling-related harms.
disordered gambling, funding, addiction, impulsive, compulsive
Bowden-Jones, Henrietta
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Hook, Roxanne
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Grant, Jon E.
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Ioannidis, Konstantinos
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Corazza, Ornella
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Fineberg, Naomi A.
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Singer, Bryan
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Roberts, Amanda
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Bethlehem, Richard
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Dymond, Simon
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Romero-Garcia, Rafael
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Robbins, Trevor W.
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Cortese, Samuele
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Thomas, Shane A
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Sahakian, Barbara J.
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Dowling, Nicki A
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Chamberlain, Samuel
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17 March 2022
Bowden-Jones, Henrietta
8422a458-cdd1-49b4-918e-ead577eea66c
Hook, Roxanne
df1adf71-644e-413d-9b35-71264df83e0c
Grant, Jon E.
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Ioannidis, Konstantinos
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Corazza, Ornella
fd575460-1cd8-428b-aaa4-0d4a9548d3a1
Fineberg, Naomi A.
157dcac1-9fb2-4197-81f3-0167e1224f05
Singer, Bryan
b0397841-0207-4c4f-9717-1aeaf160171f
Roberts, Amanda
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Bethlehem, Richard
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Dymond, Simon
7cb470af-cc21-4fff-bde5-2ead556288fe
Romero-Garcia, Rafael
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Robbins, Trevor W.
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Cortese, Samuele
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Thomas, Shane A
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Sahakian, Barbara J.
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Dowling, Nicki A
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Chamberlain, Samuel
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Bowden-Jones, Henrietta, Hook, Roxanne, Grant, Jon E., Ioannidis, Konstantinos, Corazza, Ornella, Fineberg, Naomi A., Singer, Bryan, Roberts, Amanda, Bethlehem, Richard, Dymond, Simon, Romero-Garcia, Rafael, Robbins, Trevor W., Cortese, Samuele, Thomas, Shane A, Sahakian, Barbara J., Dowling, Nicki A and Chamberlain, Samuel
(2022)
Gambling Disorder in the United Kingdom: key research priorities and the urgent need for independent research funding.
Lancet Psychiatry.
(doi:10.1016/ S2215-0366(21)00356-4).
Abstract
Gambling in the modern era is pervasive due to the variety of gambling opportunities including use of technology (such as online applications on smartphones). While many people gamble recreationally without undue negative impact, a sizable subset of individuals develop disordered gambling, associated with marked functional impairment including other mental health problems, relationship problems, bankruptcy, suicidality and criminality. The National UK Research Network for Behavioural Addictions (NUK-BA) was established to promote understanding, research, and treatments for behavioural addictions including Gambling Disorder, which constitutes the only currently recognized formal ‘behavioural’ addiction. This statement from NUK-BA identifies the current status of research and treatment for disordered gambling in the UK (including funding issues), and key research that must be conducted in order to establish the magnitude of the problem, vulnerability and resilience factors, neurobiology, long-term consequences, and treatment opportunities. In particular, we highlight the need to: 1) Conduct independent longitudinal research on prevalence of disordered gambling (Gambling Disorder and at-risk gambling), and gambling harms, including in vulnerable and minority groups; 2) Select and refine the optimal pragmatic measurement tools; 3) Identify predictors (vulnerability and resilience markers) of disordered gambling in people who gamble recreationally, including in vulnerable and minority groups, longitudinally; 4) Conduct randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on psychological interventions and pharmacotherapy for gambling disorder; 5) Optimise our understanding of the neurobiological basis of Gambling Disorder, including genetics, impulsivity and compulsivity, and biomarkers; and 6) Develop clinical guidelines based upon the best possible contemporary research evidence to guide effective clinical interventions. We also highlight the need to consider what can be learnt from other countries’ approaches towards mitigating gambling-related harms.
Text
final Lancet 10.8.2021
- Accepted Manuscript
More information
Accepted/In Press date: 10 August 2021
e-pub ahead of print date: 15 February 2022
Published date: 17 March 2022
Additional Information:
HB is the director of the National Problem Gambling clinic and the
national centre for gaming disorders. These clinics have received
funding from NHS England, CNWL NHS Trust, and GambleAware.
HB is the President of the Psychiatry Section at the Royal Society of
Medicine and sits on several national and international Boards.
HB has been on research teams funded by the Medical Research
Council, the Wellcome Trust, and the Wolfson Family Trust. SRC’s role
in this paper was funded by a Clinical Fellowship from the Wellcome
Trust (reference 110049/Z/15/Z & 110049/Z/15/A). SRC consults for
Promentis on work unrelated to the content of this paper. SRC also
receives stipends from Elsevier for editorial work at
Comprehensive Psychiatry, and at Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews.
JEG has received research grants from Biohaven, Promentis,
and Otsuka Pharmaceuticals. JEG receives yearly compensation from
Springer Publishing for acting as Editor in Chief of the
Journal of Gambling Studies and has received royalties from Oxford
University Press, American Psychiatric Publishing, Norton Press,
and McGraw Hill. SC declares honoraria and reimbursement for travel
and accommodation expenses for lectures from the following
non profit associations: Association for Child and Adolescent Central
Health Policywww.thelancet.com/psychiatry Vol 9 April 2022 327
Health, Canadian ADHD Alliance Resource, British Association of
Pharmacology, and Healthcare Convention for educational activity on
ADHD. OC has received royalties from Routledge, Springer,
and Elsevier for editorial duties and advises the UK Parliament and the
United Nations on addiction related matters. OC held various research
grants from the European Union, World Anti Doping Agency,
and University of Hertfordshire. SAT has received royalties from
Elsevier and research grants from the National Health and Medical
Research Council, Australian Research Council, and the Victorian and
Australian Governments. SD has received funding from GambleAware
and is the Director of the Gambling Research, Education and
Treatment Network Wales, which is funded by the Welsh Government
through Health and Care Research Wales. BJS consults for Cambridge
Cognition, Greenfield Bioventures, and Cassava Sciences.
BJS’s research is funded by Eton College and the Wallitt Foundation,
and is conducted within the National Institute for Health Research
(NIHR) MedTech and in vitro diagnostic Co operative, and the NIHR
Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre Mental Health Theme. In the
past 3 years NAF has held research or networking grants from the
European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP), UK NIHR,
EU H2020 (COST), Medical Research Council, and University of
Hertfordshire. In the past 3 years NAF has accepted travel and
hospitality expenses from the British Association for Pharmacology,
ECNP, Royal College of Psychiatrists, CINP, International Forum of
Mood and Anxiety Disorders, World Psychiatric Association, Indian
Association for Biological Psychiatry, and Sun. In the past 3 years NAF
has received payment from Taylor and Francis and Elsevier for
editorial duties and has accepted paid speaking engagements
sponsored by Abbott and Sun. Previously, NAF has accepted paid
speaking engagements in symposia supported by various
pharmaceutical companies and has recruited patients for various
pharmaceutical industry sponsored studies in the field of obsessive
compulsive disorder (OCD) treatment. NAF leads an NHS treatment
service for OCD and holds Board membership for various registered
charities linked to OCD. NAF gives expert advice on
psychopharmacology to the UK Medicines and Healthcare products
Regulatory Agency. NAD reports research funding from multiple
sources, including government departments (through hypothecated
taxes from gambling revenue), and is the recipient of a Deakin
University Faculty of Health Mid Career Fellowship. TWR consults for
Cambridge Cognition, Takeda, Greenfield Bioventures, Cassava,
Shionogi, Heptares, Arcadia. TWR reports grants from
GlaxoSmithKline, Shionogi Royalties, and Cambridge Cognition;
and Editorial Honoraria from Springer Nature and Elsevier. The rest of
the authors declared no competing interests.
Acknowledgments
This research was conducted through the National UK Network for
Behavioural Addictions (NUK BA) led by SRC and HB. This publication
is based upon work from European Cooperation in Science and
Technology (COST) Action CA16207 “European Network for Problematic
Usage of the Internet”, supported by COST.
Keywords:
disordered gambling, funding, addiction, impulsive, compulsive
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 450916
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/450916
ISSN: 2215-0366
PURE UUID: f1a67f95-36be-4b5c-9942-7640b9b0df7d
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Date deposited: 20 Aug 2021 16:37
Last modified: 30 Aug 2024 04:01
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Contributors
Author:
Henrietta Bowden-Jones
Author:
Roxanne Hook
Author:
Jon E. Grant
Author:
Konstantinos Ioannidis
Author:
Ornella Corazza
Author:
Naomi A. Fineberg
Author:
Bryan Singer
Author:
Amanda Roberts
Author:
Richard Bethlehem
Author:
Simon Dymond
Author:
Rafael Romero-Garcia
Author:
Trevor W. Robbins
Author:
Shane A Thomas
Author:
Barbara J. Sahakian
Author:
Nicki A Dowling
Author:
Samuel Chamberlain
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