XMM-Newton campaign on the ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 247 ULX-1: outflows
XMM-Newton campaign on the ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 247 ULX-1: outflows
Most ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are believed to be powered by super-Eddington accreting neutron stars and, perhaps, black holes. Above the Eddington rate the disc is expected to thicken and to launch powerful winds through radiation pressure. Winds have been recently discovered in several ULXs. However, it is yet unclear whether the thickening of the disc or the wind variability causes the switch between the classical soft and supersoft states observed in some ULXs. In order to understand such phenomenology and the overall super-Eddington mechanism, we undertook a large (800 ks) observing campaign with XMM-Newton to study NGC 247 ULX-1, which shifts between a supersoft and classical soft ULX state. The new observations show unambiguous evidence of a wind in the form of emission and absorption lines from highly ionized ionic species, with the latter indicating a mildly relativistic outflow (−0.17c) in line with the detections in other ULXs. Strong dipping activity is observed in the light curve and primarily during the brightest observations, which is typical among soft ULXs, and indicates a close relationship between the accretion rate and the appearance of the dips. The latter is likely due to a thickening of the disc scale height and the wind as shown by a progressively increasing blueshift in the spectral lines.
Accretion, accretion discs, X-rays: binaries, X-rays: individual: NGC 247 ULX-1
5058-5074
Pinto, C.
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Soria, R.
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Walton, D.J.
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D’A`ı, A.
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Pintore, Fabio
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Alston, W.N.
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Fuerst, F.
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Middleton, Matthew
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Roberts, T.P.
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Del Santo, M.
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Barret, D.
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Ambrosi, E.
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Robba, A.
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Earnshaw, H.
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Fabian, A.C.
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1 August 2021
Pinto, C.
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Soria, R.
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Walton, D.J.
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D’A`ı, A.
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Pintore, Fabio
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Alston, W.N.
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Fuerst, F.
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Middleton, Matthew
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Roberts, T.P.
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Del Santo, M.
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Barret, D.
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Ambrosi, E.
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Robba, A.
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Earnshaw, H.
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Fabian, A.C.
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Pinto, C., Soria, R., Walton, D.J., D’A`ı, A., Pintore, Fabio, Alston, W.N., Fuerst, F., Middleton, Matthew, Roberts, T.P., Del Santo, M., Barret, D., Ambrosi, E., Robba, A., Earnshaw, H. and Fabian, A.C.
(2021)
XMM-Newton campaign on the ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 247 ULX-1: outflows.
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 505 (4), .
(doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1648).
Abstract
Most ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are believed to be powered by super-Eddington accreting neutron stars and, perhaps, black holes. Above the Eddington rate the disc is expected to thicken and to launch powerful winds through radiation pressure. Winds have been recently discovered in several ULXs. However, it is yet unclear whether the thickening of the disc or the wind variability causes the switch between the classical soft and supersoft states observed in some ULXs. In order to understand such phenomenology and the overall super-Eddington mechanism, we undertook a large (800 ks) observing campaign with XMM-Newton to study NGC 247 ULX-1, which shifts between a supersoft and classical soft ULX state. The new observations show unambiguous evidence of a wind in the form of emission and absorption lines from highly ionized ionic species, with the latter indicating a mildly relativistic outflow (−0.17c) in line with the detections in other ULXs. Strong dipping activity is observed in the light curve and primarily during the brightest observations, which is typical among soft ULXs, and indicates a close relationship between the accretion rate and the appearance of the dips. The latter is likely due to a thickening of the disc scale height and the wind as shown by a progressively increasing blueshift in the spectral lines.
Text
XMM-Newton campaign on the ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 247 ULX-1_ outflows
- Accepted Manuscript
More information
Accepted/In Press date: 3 June 2021
Published date: 1 August 2021
Additional Information:
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society
Keywords:
Accretion, accretion discs, X-rays: binaries, X-rays: individual: NGC 247 ULX-1
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 450921
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/450921
ISSN: 1365-2966
PURE UUID: 93e92073-2017-4d09-86e7-bd274b0e3676
Catalogue record
Date deposited: 20 Aug 2021 16:40
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 13:37
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Contributors
Author:
C. Pinto
Author:
R. Soria
Author:
D.J. Walton
Author:
A. D’A`ı
Author:
Fabio Pintore
Author:
W.N. Alston
Author:
F. Fuerst
Author:
T.P. Roberts
Author:
M. Del Santo
Author:
D. Barret
Author:
E. Ambrosi
Author:
A. Robba
Author:
H. Earnshaw
Author:
A.C. Fabian
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