Structure and biosynthesis of glycoprotein carbohydrates
Structure and biosynthesis of glycoprotein carbohydrates
In eukaryotes, the majority of cell surface and secreted proteins are covalently modified with carbohydrates. This type of posttranslational modification, glycosylation, is inherently complex exhibiting extensive chemical and conformational heterogeneity. Despite this complexity, there are common structural and biosynthetic principles. Here, we present an introduction to the different hierarchies of carbohydrate structure from stereochemistry of monosaccharides and their linkages to the structural diversity of complex mammalianglycosylation. These structures are discussed in the context of the glycan biosynthetic pathways, with an emphasis on N-linked glycosylation, and we outline the nomenclature with which these complex structures can be described. We describe the biosynthesis and crystal structures of antibodies and their glycans to illustrate the conformational properties of glycoprotein carbohydrates and how therapeutic antibodies are being developed by modulating these glycans.
51-68
Crispin, Max
cd980957-0943-4b89-b2b2-710f01f33bc9
Scanlan, Christopher N.
04dd1b57-b6fc-414c-8595-08310dbb3d32
Bowden, Thomas A.
4b17a588-ac01-4112-807a-8b99a6c20d0f
1 January 2019
Crispin, Max
cd980957-0943-4b89-b2b2-710f01f33bc9
Scanlan, Christopher N.
04dd1b57-b6fc-414c-8595-08310dbb3d32
Bowden, Thomas A.
4b17a588-ac01-4112-807a-8b99a6c20d0f
Crispin, Max, Scanlan, Christopher N. and Bowden, Thomas A.
(2019)
Structure and biosynthesis of glycoprotein carbohydrates.
In,
Comprehensive Biotechnology (3rd Edition).
Elsevier, .
(doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-64046-8.00007-0).
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Book Section
Abstract
In eukaryotes, the majority of cell surface and secreted proteins are covalently modified with carbohydrates. This type of posttranslational modification, glycosylation, is inherently complex exhibiting extensive chemical and conformational heterogeneity. Despite this complexity, there are common structural and biosynthetic principles. Here, we present an introduction to the different hierarchies of carbohydrate structure from stereochemistry of monosaccharides and their linkages to the structural diversity of complex mammalianglycosylation. These structures are discussed in the context of the glycan biosynthetic pathways, with an emphasis on N-linked glycosylation, and we outline the nomenclature with which these complex structures can be described. We describe the biosynthesis and crystal structures of antibodies and their glycans to illustrate the conformational properties of glycoprotein carbohydrates and how therapeutic antibodies are being developed by modulating these glycans.
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Published date: 1 January 2019
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© 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
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Local EPrints ID: 451170
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/451170
PURE UUID: e4cf3ecf-3dd5-4528-9c5b-897a36c10c0e
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Date deposited: 14 Sep 2021 15:31
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 03:47
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Author:
Christopher N. Scanlan
Author:
Thomas A. Bowden
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