Differential effects of ruminant and industrial 18-carbon trans monounsaturated fatty acids (trans-vaccenic and elaidic) on the inflammatory responses of an endothelial cell line
Differential effects of ruminant and industrial 18-carbon trans monounsaturated fatty acids (trans-vaccenic and elaidic) on the inflammatory responses of an endothelial cell line
Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation are recognised factors in the development of atherosclerosis. Evidence suggests that intake of industrial trans fatty acids (TFAs) promotes endothelial dysfunction, while ruminant TFAs may have the opposite effect. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of elaidic acid (EA (18:1n-9t); an industrially produced TFA) and trans vac-cenic acid (TVA (18:1n-7t); a natural TFA found in ruminant milk and meat) on inflammatory responses of endothelial cells (ECs). ECs (EA.hy926 cells) were cultured under standard conditions and exposed to TFAs (1 to 50 μM) for 48 h. Then, the cells were cultured for a further 6 or 24 h with tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α, 1 ng/mL) as an inflammatory stimulant. ECs remained viable after treatments. TFAs were incorporated into ECs in a dose-dependent manner. Preincubation with EA (50 μM) increased production of MCP-1, RANTES, and IL-8 in response to TNF-α, while prein-cubation with TVA (1 μM) decreased production of ICAM-1 and RANTES in response to TNF-α. Preincubation with EA (50 μM) upregulated toll-like receptor 4 and cyclooxygenase 2 gene expression in response to TNF-α. In contrast, preincubation with TVA (1 μM) downregulated TNF-α induced nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 gene expression. Preincubation of ECs with EA (50 μM) increased THP-1 monocyte adhesion. In contrast, preincubation of ECs with TVA (1 μM) reduced THP-1 monocyte adhesion, while preincubation of ECs with TVA (50 μM) decreased the level of surface expression of ICAM-1 seen following TNF-α stimulation. The results suggest that TVA has some anti-inflammatory properties, while EA enhances the response to an inflammatory stimulus. These findings suggest differential effects induced by the TFAs tested, fitting with the idea that industrial TFAs and ruminant TFAs can have different and perhaps opposing biological actions in an inflammatory context.
Atherosclerosis, Elaidic acid, Inflammation, Trans fatty acids, Trans vaccenic acid
Valenzuela, Carina A.
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Baker, Ella J.
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De Souza, Camila O.
b2b1f1be-0e79-4663-9f21-e08cb11f97b9
Miles, Elizabeth A.
20332899-ecdb-4214-95bc-922dde36d416
Calder, Philip C.
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
26 September 2021
Valenzuela, Carina A.
1a12a9b9-6504-4392-90c5-246644b0ad5c
Baker, Ella J.
7cd5b762-d7d7-4584-b9a7-dba555085440
De Souza, Camila O.
b2b1f1be-0e79-4663-9f21-e08cb11f97b9
Miles, Elizabeth A.
20332899-ecdb-4214-95bc-922dde36d416
Calder, Philip C.
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
Valenzuela, Carina A., Baker, Ella J., De Souza, Camila O., Miles, Elizabeth A. and Calder, Philip C.
(2021)
Differential effects of ruminant and industrial 18-carbon trans monounsaturated fatty acids (trans-vaccenic and elaidic) on the inflammatory responses of an endothelial cell line.
Molecules, 26 (19), [5834].
(doi:10.3390/molecules26195834).
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation are recognised factors in the development of atherosclerosis. Evidence suggests that intake of industrial trans fatty acids (TFAs) promotes endothelial dysfunction, while ruminant TFAs may have the opposite effect. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of elaidic acid (EA (18:1n-9t); an industrially produced TFA) and trans vac-cenic acid (TVA (18:1n-7t); a natural TFA found in ruminant milk and meat) on inflammatory responses of endothelial cells (ECs). ECs (EA.hy926 cells) were cultured under standard conditions and exposed to TFAs (1 to 50 μM) for 48 h. Then, the cells were cultured for a further 6 or 24 h with tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α, 1 ng/mL) as an inflammatory stimulant. ECs remained viable after treatments. TFAs were incorporated into ECs in a dose-dependent manner. Preincubation with EA (50 μM) increased production of MCP-1, RANTES, and IL-8 in response to TNF-α, while prein-cubation with TVA (1 μM) decreased production of ICAM-1 and RANTES in response to TNF-α. Preincubation with EA (50 μM) upregulated toll-like receptor 4 and cyclooxygenase 2 gene expression in response to TNF-α. In contrast, preincubation with TVA (1 μM) downregulated TNF-α induced nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 gene expression. Preincubation of ECs with EA (50 μM) increased THP-1 monocyte adhesion. In contrast, preincubation of ECs with TVA (1 μM) reduced THP-1 monocyte adhesion, while preincubation of ECs with TVA (50 μM) decreased the level of surface expression of ICAM-1 seen following TNF-α stimulation. The results suggest that TVA has some anti-inflammatory properties, while EA enhances the response to an inflammatory stimulus. These findings suggest differential effects induced by the TFAs tested, fitting with the idea that industrial TFAs and ruminant TFAs can have different and perhaps opposing biological actions in an inflammatory context.
Text
Valenzuela et al. Accepted version
- Accepted Manuscript
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Accepted/In Press date: 23 September 2021
Published date: 26 September 2021
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
Acknowledgments: C.A.V. was supported by CONICYT (Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Gobierno de Chile) through its scholarship program Becas Chile. E.J.B. was supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council under the Food Security Doctoral Training Programme and by the Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton. C.O.D.S. was supported by the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Keywords:
Atherosclerosis, Elaidic acid, Inflammation, Trans fatty acids, Trans vaccenic acid
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 451637
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/451637
ISSN: 1420-3049
PURE UUID: 8b7d2978-1f61-4f47-b4bb-4aaf9bb77225
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Date deposited: 15 Oct 2021 16:33
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 03:55
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Author:
Carina A. Valenzuela
Author:
Ella J. Baker
Author:
Camila O. De Souza
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