Sleep-related rhythmic movement disorder in young children with down syndrome: prevalence and clinical features
Sleep-related rhythmic movement disorder in young children with down syndrome: prevalence and clinical features
Sleep-related Rhythmic Movement Disorder (RMD) affects around 1% of UK pre-school children. Little is known about RMD in Down syndrome (DS). We aimed to determine: (a) the prevalence of RMD in children with DS aged 1.5-8 years; (b) phenotypic and sleep quality differences between children with DS and RMD and sex- and age-matched DS controls; and (c) night-to-night variability in rhythmic movements (RMs). Parents who previously reported RMs from a DS research registry of 202 children were contacted. If clinical history suggested RMD, home videosomnography (3 nights) was used to confirm RMs and actigraphy (5 nights) was used to assess sleep quality. Phenotype was explored by demographic, strengths and difficulties, Q-CHAT-10/social communication and life events questionnaires. Eight children had confirmed RMD. Minimal and estimated maximal prevalence were 4.10% and 15.38%, respectively. Sleep efficiency was significantly lower in RMD-cases (69.1%) versus controls (85.2%), but there were no other phenotypic differences. There was considerable intra-individual night-to-night variability in RMs. In conclusion, RMD has a high prevalence in children with DS, varies from night to night and is associated with poor sleep quality but, in this small sample, no daytime phenotypic differences were found compared to controls. Children with DS should be screened for RMD, which is amenable to treatment.
Actigraphy, Body rocking, Down syndrome, Head banging, Jactatio capitis nocturna, Rhythmic movement disorder, Rhythmie du sommeil, Sleep, Videosomnography
Kose, Ceren
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Wood, Izabelle
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Gwyther, Amy
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Basnet, Suiksha
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Gaskell, Chloe
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Gringras, Paul
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Elphick, Heather
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Hill, Catherine
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6 October 2021
Kose, Ceren
83704e4f-b659-4937-8092-d6e82feacf1e
Wood, Izabelle
9edf1baf-3b5b-45b7-a2b1-126b57d068c5
Gwyther, Amy
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Basnet, Suiksha
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Gaskell, Chloe
993adabe-118a-42ad-ae00-5d70563799d1
Gringras, Paul
93929b56-13b3-4575-9c92-7ab117c8d1f2
Elphick, Heather
883d129f-911d-4135-9e24-ff885d59d91e
Hill, Catherine
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Kose, Ceren, Wood, Izabelle, Gwyther, Amy, Basnet, Suiksha, Gaskell, Chloe, Gringras, Paul, Elphick, Heather and Hill, Catherine
(2021)
Sleep-related rhythmic movement disorder in young children with down syndrome: prevalence and clinical features.
Brain Sciences, 11 (10), [1326].
(doi:10.3390/brainsci11101326).
Abstract
Sleep-related Rhythmic Movement Disorder (RMD) affects around 1% of UK pre-school children. Little is known about RMD in Down syndrome (DS). We aimed to determine: (a) the prevalence of RMD in children with DS aged 1.5-8 years; (b) phenotypic and sleep quality differences between children with DS and RMD and sex- and age-matched DS controls; and (c) night-to-night variability in rhythmic movements (RMs). Parents who previously reported RMs from a DS research registry of 202 children were contacted. If clinical history suggested RMD, home videosomnography (3 nights) was used to confirm RMs and actigraphy (5 nights) was used to assess sleep quality. Phenotype was explored by demographic, strengths and difficulties, Q-CHAT-10/social communication and life events questionnaires. Eight children had confirmed RMD. Minimal and estimated maximal prevalence were 4.10% and 15.38%, respectively. Sleep efficiency was significantly lower in RMD-cases (69.1%) versus controls (85.2%), but there were no other phenotypic differences. There was considerable intra-individual night-to-night variability in RMs. In conclusion, RMD has a high prevalence in children with DS, varies from night to night and is associated with poor sleep quality but, in this small sample, no daytime phenotypic differences were found compared to controls. Children with DS should be screened for RMD, which is amenable to treatment.
Text
brainsci-11-01326-v2
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Accepted/In Press date: 6 October 2021
Published date: 6 October 2021
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
Funding: This research was funded by Action Medical Research and Garfield Weston Foundation (grant reference: 2040).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Keywords:
Actigraphy, Body rocking, Down syndrome, Head banging, Jactatio capitis nocturna, Rhythmic movement disorder, Rhythmie du sommeil, Sleep, Videosomnography
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 451916
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/451916
ISSN: 2076-3425
PURE UUID: 1fb3bf25-4d8c-4717-b70e-760870793e1b
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Date deposited: 03 Nov 2021 17:33
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 02:48
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Contributors
Author:
Ceren Kose
Author:
Izabelle Wood
Author:
Amy Gwyther
Author:
Suiksha Basnet
Author:
Chloe Gaskell
Author:
Paul Gringras
Author:
Heather Elphick
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