Paediatric ambiguous lineage leukaemia with monocytic differentiation at diagnosis: case series and review of literature

Gray, Juliet, Tandon, Sneha, Visser, Reginah, Astwood, Emma, Payne, Jeanette, Gray, Juliet, Wheeler, Lucy, Irving, Julie and Virgo, Paul (2021) Paediatric ambiguous lineage leukaemia with monocytic differentiation at diagnosis: case series and review of literature. British Journal of Haematology. (doi:10.1111/bjh.17852).

Abstract

Ambiguous lineage leukaemia (ALAL) is a rare sub-type of paediatric acute leukaemia. There are four main subgroups according to the lineage of differentiation, namely: (i) mixed phenotype acute leukaemia (MPAL), (ii) bilineal acute leukaemia, (iii) undifferentiated acute leukaemia, and (iv) acute leukaemia with early switch to a different lineage.1-4 MPAL accounts for 1–2% of paediatric leukaemia.3 The World Health Organization (WHO) classifications (2008 and 2016) have established strict criteria for diagnosis of MPAL, emphasising myeloperoxidase for myeloid lineage, cytoplasmic cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) for T lineage, and CD19 and other B markers for B lineage.1, 4

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Contributors

Author: Juliet Gray

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