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Infectious disease in an era of global change

Infectious disease in an era of global change
Infectious disease in an era of global change

The twenty-first century has witnessed a wave of severe infectious disease outbreaks, not least the COVID-19 pandemic, which has had a devastating impact on lives and livelihoods around the globe. The 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus outbreak, the 2009 swine flu pandemic, the 2012 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus outbreak, the 2013–2016 Ebola virus disease epidemic in West Africa and the 2015 Zika virus disease epidemic all resulted in substantial morbidity and mortality while spreading across borders to infect people in multiple countries. At the same time, the past few decades have ushered in an unprecedented era of technological, demographic and climatic change: airline flights have doubled since 2000, since 2007 more people live in urban areas than rural areas, population numbers continue to climb and climate change presents an escalating threat to society. In this Review, we consider the extent to which these recent global changes have increased the risk of infectious disease outbreaks, even as improved sanitation and access to health care have resulted in considerable progress worldwide.

1740-1526
Baker, Rachel E.
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Mahmud, Ayesha S.
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Miller, Ian F.
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Rajeev, Malavika
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Rasambainarivo, Fidisoa
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Rice, Benjamin L.
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Takahashi, Saki
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Tatem, Andrew J.
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Wagner, Caroline E.
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Wang, Lin-fa
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Wesolowski, Amy
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Metcalf, C. Jessica E.
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Baker, Rachel E.
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Mahmud, Ayesha S.
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Miller, Ian F.
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Rajeev, Malavika
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Rasambainarivo, Fidisoa
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Rice, Benjamin L.
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Takahashi, Saki
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Tatem, Andrew J.
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Wagner, Caroline E.
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Wang, Lin-fa
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Wesolowski, Amy
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Metcalf, C. Jessica E.
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Baker, Rachel E., Mahmud, Ayesha S., Miller, Ian F., Rajeev, Malavika, Rasambainarivo, Fidisoa, Rice, Benjamin L., Takahashi, Saki, Tatem, Andrew J., Wagner, Caroline E., Wang, Lin-fa, Wesolowski, Amy and Metcalf, C. Jessica E. (2021) Infectious disease in an era of global change. Nature Reviews Microbiology. (doi:10.1038/s41579-021-00639-z).

Record type: Review

Abstract

The twenty-first century has witnessed a wave of severe infectious disease outbreaks, not least the COVID-19 pandemic, which has had a devastating impact on lives and livelihoods around the globe. The 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus outbreak, the 2009 swine flu pandemic, the 2012 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus outbreak, the 2013–2016 Ebola virus disease epidemic in West Africa and the 2015 Zika virus disease epidemic all resulted in substantial morbidity and mortality while spreading across borders to infect people in multiple countries. At the same time, the past few decades have ushered in an unprecedented era of technological, demographic and climatic change: airline flights have doubled since 2000, since 2007 more people live in urban areas than rural areas, population numbers continue to climb and climate change presents an escalating threat to society. In this Review, we consider the extent to which these recent global changes have increased the risk of infectious disease outbreaks, even as improved sanitation and access to health care have resulted in considerable progress worldwide.

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Infectious disease in an era of global change
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e-pub ahead of print date: 17 September 2021
Published date: 13 October 2021

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 453433
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/453433
ISSN: 1740-1526
PURE UUID: 7c62a68f-7845-495e-8863-e4a15f65d632
ORCID for Andrew J. Tatem: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-7270-941X

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Date deposited: 14 Jan 2022 17:42
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 06:55

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Contributors

Author: Rachel E. Baker
Author: Ayesha S. Mahmud
Author: Ian F. Miller
Author: Malavika Rajeev
Author: Fidisoa Rasambainarivo
Author: Benjamin L. Rice
Author: Saki Takahashi
Author: Andrew J. Tatem ORCID iD
Author: Caroline E. Wagner
Author: Lin-fa Wang
Author: Amy Wesolowski
Author: C. Jessica E. Metcalf

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