CD8+ T cell response to human papillomavirus 16 E7 is able to predict survival outcome in oropharyngeal cancer

Masterson, L, Lechner, M, Loewenbein, S, Mohammed, H, Davies-Husband, C, Fenton, TR, Sudhoff, H, Jani, P, Goon, P and Sterling, J (2016) CD8+ T cell response to human papillomavirus 16 E7 is able to predict survival outcome in oropharyngeal cancer. European Journal of Cancer, 67 (C), 141-151. (doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2016.08.012).

Abstract

Introduction: Immunological response to human papillomavirus (HPV) in the development and progression of HPV16+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) (accounting for the majority of viral associated cases) is largely unknown and may provide important insights for new therapeutic strategies. Methods: In this prospective clinical trial (UKCRN11945), we examined cell-mediated immune responses to HPV16 E2, E6 and E7 in peripheral blood using IFN-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay. CD56+, CD4+, CD8+ and regulatory T cell frequencies were also discerned by flow cytometry. Fifty-one study participants with oropharyngeal carcinoma were recruited. Control subjects were those undergoing tonsillectomy for benign disease. All patients were treated with curative intent by radiotherapy $ chemotherapy. Disease-specific survival was investigated by multivariate analysis. Results: HPV16 DNA was detected in 41/51 of the OPSCC participants. T cell responses against HPV16 E6 or E7 peptides were detected in 33/51 evaluable patients, respectively and correlated with HPV status. Matched pre- and post-treatment T cell responses were available for 39/51 OPSCC cases. Within the whole cohort, elevated post-treatment CD8+ response to HPV16 E7 correlated with longer disease free survival (multivariate DFS p <0.03). Within the HPV + OPSCC cohort, a significant increase in regulatory T cells (p <0.02) was noted after treatment. Conclusions: This is the first study to provide survival data in OPSCC stratified by cell-mediated immune response to HPV16 peptides. Within the HPV16+ OPSCC cohort, enhanced immunoreactivity to antigen E7 was linked to improved survival. An increase in regulatory T cell frequencies after treatment may suggest that immunosuppression can contribute to a reduced HPV-specific cell-mediated response.

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Contributors

Author: TR Fenton

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