READ ME File For 'Bubble populations within sonicated edible lipids' Dataset DOI: 10.5258/SOTON/D2110 ReadMe Author: Jack Youngs, University of Southampton ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7096-4532 This dataset supports the thesis entitled: Understanding bubble dynamics within sonicated edible lipids to enhance their physicochemical properties AWARDED BY: Univeristy of Southampton DATE OF AWARD: 2022 DESCRIPTION OF THE DATA This data set underpins the research and discussions detailed within the final results chapter (Chapter 6) of the thesis, given the same title for simplicity. This chapter focusses on the construction of a optical flow-through sensor, its calibration and then its use for the characterisation of gas bubbles and fat crystals within sonicated edible lipids. The files mainly consist of voltage-time data recorded using the optical sensor as species suspended within lipids were analysed and is accompanied with complimentary high-speed imaging and polarised light microscopy. The voltage signal (in volts,V) is termed Vopto in this case and all files are saved as text files (comma delimited) for ease of use. The abbreviation ΔVopto refers to the change in the optical sensor output signal compared to baseline value. Crystal microstructure was determined using a polarised light microscope (PLM-Olympus BX 41, Tokyo, Japan) fitted with a digital camera (Infinity 2, Lumenera Scientific, Ottawa, Canada). In the most part, Vopto data was collected using a DAQ card and was processed using VB2010 software utilising NI Measurement studio. Higher-resolution OTS data, e.g. for bubble oscillation examples, were collected using a digital oscilloscope. High-speed imaging video data was collected using a Photron APX RS camera and analysed using PFV Fastcam viewer 4 software. Temporal (beginning and end dates of data collection) and column headings for individual files are included in the data files where appropriate. This dataset contains 4 folders (Data 1-4). Each folder contains a sub-folder with the experimental data used for a specific figure reported in the thesis chapter where applicable. Data 1: Figure 6.3 and 6.4 Raw voltage-time data recorded during the analysis of solid particles used to calibrate the optical flow-through sensor (opto-counter). Particles either 1 mm or 0.5 mm diameter. Figure 6.5 and 6.6 Raw voltage-time data recorded during the analysis of a polydisperse sample of carbon spheres used to calibrate the optical flow-through sensor (opto-counter). Particles where between 0.2 mm or 0.4 mm diameter (manufacturer). This is accompanied with the histgram obtained from analysis of the raw data. Figure 6.7 Raw voltage-time data recorded during the translocation of carbon spheres through the opto-counter device, selected to identify the occurence of multi-particle events which distorted the histogram and proposed device response range. Figure 6.8 File containing the calibration data determined from analysis of all solid particle sizes which can be fitted to an expression to generate the device calibration curve. Figure 6.9 .avi video file used to construct the image panel within this figure, illustrating the translocation of a large gas bubble. Figure 6.10 Raw voltage-time data showing an example of the response generated for a single bubble translocation event as it passes through the opto-counter device. Data 2: Figure 6.11 Three .csv files containing the raw voltage-time data for three representative bubble translocation events through the opto-counter device with increasing dimensions. The files are labelled A-C in reference to the figure. Figure 6.13 Raw voltage-time data recorded within liquid sunflower oil as gas bubbles were generated by HIU (75 W), where the opto-counter was positioned at the top of the experimental cell. Figure 6.15 .avi video file and still images used to illustrate the step-by-step translocation of gas bubble through the opto-counter device from the bulk. This is accompanied by a .dat file containing the raw voltage-time data recorded during HIU operation, with different vertical displacement between the channel within the device and the PLE tip. Figure 6.16 Raw voltage-time data recorded within liquid sunflower oil as gas bubbles were generated by HIU (75 W), where the opto-counter was positioned at the base of the experimental cell. The horizontal distance between the channel within the device and the PLE tip was varied. Figure 6.17 Raw voltage-time data recorded within liquid sunflower oil as gas bubbles were generated by HIU (75 W), where the opto-counter was positioned at the base of the experimental cell and different negative pressures were used to draw liquid though the device. Figure 6.18 Examples of raw voltage-time data recorded during HIU treatments (10 sec) at different power levels (10-32 Wrms) within soybean oil at 26'C. Figure 6.19 Examples of raw voltage-time data recorded during HIU treatments (10 sec) at different power levels (10-75 W) within all-purpose shortening at 26'C and 30'C. Figure 6.20 Example of raw voltage-time and hydrophone data recorded during and then immediately after HIU treatments were terminated (75 W) within soyben oil at 26'C and 30'C. Figure 6.21 Example of raw voltage-time and hydrophone data recorded immediately after HIU treatments were terminated (75 W) within soyben oil at 26'C. This was for extended times of up to 300 seconds after HIU was initiated. Figure 6.22 Two .csv files detailing the number of bubble events for each size range as a function of HIU power level for SBO sample, extracted from raw data files. Data 3: Figure 6.23 Two .csv files detailing the average number of bubble events and retention times of gas bubbles as a function of temperature and HIU power level, extracted from raw data files recorded in SBO sample. Figure 6.24 Example of voltage-time and hydrophone data recorded during and for a short period after HIU treatments were terminated (75 W) within all-purpose shortening sample at 26'C. Figure 6.25 and 6.26 Example of voltage-time and hydrophone data recorded immediately after HIU treatments were terminated (75 W) within all-purpose shortening sample at 26'C and 30'C. This was for extended times of up to 300 seconds after HIU was initiated. Figure 6.27 Two .csv files detailing the number of bubble events for each size range as a function of HIU power level for APS sample, extracted from raw data files. Figure 6.28 Two .csv files detailing the average number of bubble events and retention times of gas bubbles as a function of temperature and HIU power level, extracted from raw data files recorded in APS sample. Figure 6.29 .avi video file used to construct the image panel within this figure, illustrating the translocation of a large gas bubble. Figure 6.30 Example of high-resolution voltage-time data recorded as gas bubbles translocate through the opto-counter device during HIU operation at either 18 W or 30 W power levels. This showed oscillation within the signal, relating to the oscillation of the bubble in the presence of different cluster periodicities. Figure 6.31 Example of voltage-time data recorded as gas bubbles translocate through the opto-counter device during HIU operation at 18 W over longer times. This showed oscillation within the signal, relating to the oscillation of the bubble in the presence of different cluster periodicities. Data 4: Figure 6.32 Polarised microscopy images showing the crystal structure in the absence of HIU at two supercooling temperatures. This is accompanied by the voltage-time data recorded by the opto-counter device as all-purpose shortening sample was analysed without a bubble population present. Figure 6.33 Example of raw voltage-time data recorded as the blocked opto-counter device was effectively cleaned by the action of HIU. Figure 9.24 Example of raw voltage-time data recorded during HIU operation at higher power levels (51 W ad 75 W) within liquid soybean oil. Figure 9.25 and 9.26 Example of voltage-time data recorded as gas bubbles translocate through the opto-counter device during HIU operation at 36 W over longer times. This showed oscillation within the signal, relating to the oscillation of the bubble in the presence of different cluster periodicities. Figure 9.27 and 9.28 Optical microscopy images of the 200-400 micron diameter carbon spheres used to calibrate the opto-counter device. This is accompanied by the analysis of these particles using ImageJ. Figure 9.29 Example of voltage-time data recorded as gas bubbles translocate through the opto-counter device during HIU operation at 36 W. This showed oscillation within the signal, relating to the oscillation of the bubble in the presence of different cluster periodicities. Figure 9.30 Example of initial voltage-time data recorded by an adapted the opto-Coulter counter device within potassium chloride solutions, incoporating the electrochemically derived coulter principle as an additional method to size gas buble species in solution. Date of data collection: 01/05/2019 to 01/06/2021 Information about geographic location of data collection: University of Southampton, U.K. and Utah State University, U.S. Licence: CC-BY Related projects/Funders: [This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) Grant No. 2017-67017-26476 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Improving Food Quality–A1361.] Related publication: Title: Development of an optical flow through detector for bubbles, crystals and particles in oils DOI/Handle/URI: 10.1039/d1cp03655f Date that the file was created: January, 2022