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The low-luminosity Type II SN 2016aqf: a well-monitored spectral evolution of the Ni/Fe abundance ratio

The low-luminosity Type II SN 2016aqf: a well-monitored spectral evolution of the Ni/Fe abundance ratio
The low-luminosity Type II SN 2016aqf: a well-monitored spectral evolution of the Ni/Fe abundance ratio
Low-luminosity Type II supernovae (LL SNe II) make up the low explosion energy end of core-collapse SNe, but their study and physical understanding remain limited. We present SN 2016aqf, an LL SN II with extensive spectral and photometric coverage. We measure a V-band peak magnitude of -14.58 mag, a plateau duration of ∼100 d, and an inferred 56Ni mass of 0.008 ± 0.002 M⊙. The peak bolometric luminosity, Lbol ≍ 1041.4 erg s-1, and its spectral evolution are typical of other SNe in the class. Using our late-time spectra, we measure the [O I] λλ6300, 6364 lines, which we compare against SN II spectral synthesis models to constrain the progenitor zero-age main-sequence mass. We find this to be 12 ± 3 M⊙. Our extensive late-time spectral coverage of the [Fe II] λ7155 and [Ni II] λ7378 lines permits a measurement of the Ni/Fe abundance ratio, a parameter sensitive to the inner progenitor structure and explosion mechanism dynamics. We measure a constant abundance ratio evolution of $0.081^{+0.009}_{-0.010}$ and argue that the best epochs to measure the ratio are at ∼200-300 d after explosion. We place this measurement in the context of a large sample of SNe II and compare against various physical, light-curve, and spectral parameters, in search of trends that might allow indirect ways of constraining this ratio. We do not find correlations predicted by theoretical models; however, this may be the result of the exact choice of parameters and explosion mechanism in the models, the simplicity of them, and/or primordial contamination in the measured abundance ratio.
techniques: photometric, spectroscopic telescopes, supernovae: individual: SN 2016aqf, transients: supernovae
1365-2966
361-377
Müller-Bravo, Tomás E.
3426faa7-a5ff-4a80-a889-ac31aa1f96de
Gutiérrez, Claudia P.
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Sullivan, Mark
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Jerkstrand, Anders
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Anderson, Joseph P.
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González-Gaitán, Santiago
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Sollerman, Jesper
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Arcavi, Iair
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Burke, Jamison
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Galbany, Lluís
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Gal-Yam, Avishay
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Gromadzki, Mariusz
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Hiramatsu, Daichi
1d6ee4e9-421c-47f7-bd07-f8178b036247
Hosseinzadeh, Griffin
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Howell, D. Andrew
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Inserra, Cosimo
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Kankare, Erki
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Kozyreva, Alexandra
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McCully, Curtis
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Nicholl, Matt
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Smartt, Stephen
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Valenti, Stefano
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Young, Dave R.
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Müller-Bravo, Tomás E.
3426faa7-a5ff-4a80-a889-ac31aa1f96de
Gutiérrez, Claudia P.
c546311a-5e86-43ef-a0e4-b83012e8d3c9
Sullivan, Mark
2f31f9fa-8e79-4b35-98e2-0cb38f503850
Jerkstrand, Anders
2e25c996-5591-4bac-92fa-7ce962720001
Anderson, Joseph P.
d3fb497e-09dd-4806-a96e-e5696f80cb26
González-Gaitán, Santiago
969faf3e-a6ff-4104-b87c-86299884cf7a
Sollerman, Jesper
f4d66eed-cee5-433a-9533-8f12816f2eaf
Arcavi, Iair
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Burke, Jamison
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Galbany, Lluís
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Gal-Yam, Avishay
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Gromadzki, Mariusz
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Hiramatsu, Daichi
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Hosseinzadeh, Griffin
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Howell, D. Andrew
cc82c2ee-0721-4ecc-ad96-a0dca4deafea
Inserra, Cosimo
004da73f-5b5e-43f4-b1a7-aaa0e579672e
Kankare, Erki
be050532-7f52-43c7-bbc7-df08f8696ef8
Kozyreva, Alexandra
4e508f50-24c9-4f3f-8c26-c994045c8cf1
McCully, Curtis
067ab996-7b9e-4ac2-8a5c-a909bdde5c40
Nicholl, Matt
893de621-e32e-43f5-825b-6025a9cd8e39
Smartt, Stephen
148257f7-efab-459e-b932-228db4e2b1d0
Valenti, Stefano
eabcc6ab-9409-40df-86dc-a25a4812fb49
Young, Dave R.
d7efb247-fb00-4f0f-b075-fbeedd52b0f9

Müller-Bravo, Tomás E., Gutiérrez, Claudia P., Sullivan, Mark, Jerkstrand, Anders, Anderson, Joseph P., González-Gaitán, Santiago, Sollerman, Jesper, Arcavi, Iair, Burke, Jamison, Galbany, Lluís, Gal-Yam, Avishay, Gromadzki, Mariusz, Hiramatsu, Daichi, Hosseinzadeh, Griffin, Howell, D. Andrew, Inserra, Cosimo, Kankare, Erki, Kozyreva, Alexandra, McCully, Curtis, Nicholl, Matt, Smartt, Stephen, Valenti, Stefano and Young, Dave R. (2020) The low-luminosity Type II SN 2016aqf: a well-monitored spectral evolution of the Ni/Fe abundance ratio. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 497 (1), 361-377. (doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1932).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Low-luminosity Type II supernovae (LL SNe II) make up the low explosion energy end of core-collapse SNe, but their study and physical understanding remain limited. We present SN 2016aqf, an LL SN II with extensive spectral and photometric coverage. We measure a V-band peak magnitude of -14.58 mag, a plateau duration of ∼100 d, and an inferred 56Ni mass of 0.008 ± 0.002 M⊙. The peak bolometric luminosity, Lbol ≍ 1041.4 erg s-1, and its spectral evolution are typical of other SNe in the class. Using our late-time spectra, we measure the [O I] λλ6300, 6364 lines, which we compare against SN II spectral synthesis models to constrain the progenitor zero-age main-sequence mass. We find this to be 12 ± 3 M⊙. Our extensive late-time spectral coverage of the [Fe II] λ7155 and [Ni II] λ7378 lines permits a measurement of the Ni/Fe abundance ratio, a parameter sensitive to the inner progenitor structure and explosion mechanism dynamics. We measure a constant abundance ratio evolution of $0.081^{+0.009}_{-0.010}$ and argue that the best epochs to measure the ratio are at ∼200-300 d after explosion. We place this measurement in the context of a large sample of SNe II and compare against various physical, light-curve, and spectral parameters, in search of trends that might allow indirect ways of constraining this ratio. We do not find correlations predicted by theoretical models; however, this may be the result of the exact choice of parameters and explosion mechanism in the models, the simplicity of them, and/or primordial contamination in the measured abundance ratio.

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Accepted/In Press date: 29 June 2020
e-pub ahead of print date: 6 July 2020
Published date: 1 September 2020
Keywords: techniques: photometric, spectroscopic telescopes, supernovae: individual: SN 2016aqf, transients: supernovae

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 455143
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/455143
ISSN: 1365-2966
PURE UUID: 2fac920a-a073-4b9c-a94a-814d8b918ee8
ORCID for Mark Sullivan: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-4820
ORCID for Cosimo Inserra: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-4409

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Date deposited: 10 Mar 2022 18:32
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 03:30

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Contributors

Author: Tomás E. Müller-Bravo
Author: Claudia P. Gutiérrez
Author: Mark Sullivan ORCID iD
Author: Anders Jerkstrand
Author: Joseph P. Anderson
Author: Santiago González-Gaitán
Author: Jesper Sollerman
Author: Iair Arcavi
Author: Jamison Burke
Author: Lluís Galbany
Author: Avishay Gal-Yam
Author: Mariusz Gromadzki
Author: Daichi Hiramatsu
Author: Griffin Hosseinzadeh
Author: D. Andrew Howell
Author: Cosimo Inserra ORCID iD
Author: Erki Kankare
Author: Alexandra Kozyreva
Author: Curtis McCully
Author: Matt Nicholl
Author: Stephen Smartt
Author: Stefano Valenti
Author: Dave R. Young

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