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The lick AGN monitoring project 2016: velocity-resolved H beta Lags in luminous Seyfert galaxies

The lick AGN monitoring project 2016: velocity-resolved H beta Lags in luminous Seyfert galaxies
The lick AGN monitoring project 2016: velocity-resolved H beta Lags in luminous Seyfert galaxies
We carried out spectroscopic monitoring of 21 low-redshift Seyfert 1 galaxies using the Kast double spectrograph on the 3 m Shane telescope at Lick Observatory from 2016 April to 2017 May. Targeting active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with luminosities of λLλ(5100 Å) ≈ 1044 erg s−1 and predicted Hβ lags of ∼20–30 days or black hole masses of 107–108.5 M⊙, our campaign probes luminosity-dependent trends in broad-line region (BLR) structure and dynamics as well as to improve calibrations for single-epoch estimates of quasar black hole masses. Here we present the first results from the campaign, including Hβ emission-line light curves, integrated Hβ lag times (8–30 days) measured against V-band continuum light curves, velocity-resolved reverberation lags, line widths of the broad Hβ components, and virial black hole mass estimates (107.1–108.1 M⊙). Our results add significantly to the number of existing velocity-resolved lag measurements and reveal a diversity of BLR gas kinematics at moderately high AGN luminosities. AGN continuum luminosity appears not to be correlated with the type of kinematics that its BLR gas may exhibit. Follow-up direct modeling of this data set will elucidate the detailed kinematics and provide robust dynamical black hole masses for several objects in this sample.
0004-637X
U, Vivian
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Barth, Aaron J.
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Vogler, H. Alexander
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Guo, Hengxiao
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Treu, Tommaso
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Filippenko, Alexei V.
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Walsh, Jonelle L.
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U, Vivian
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Barth, Aaron J.
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Vogler, H. Alexander
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Guo, Hengxiao
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Treu, Tommaso
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Bennert, Vardha N.
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Canalizo, Gabriela
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Filippenko, Alexei V.
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Gates, Elinor
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Hamann, Frederick
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Joner, Michael D.
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Malkan, Matthew A.
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Pancoast, Anna
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Williams, Peter R.
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Bohn, Thomas
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Cosens, Maren
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Fillingham, Sean P.
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González-buitrago, Diego
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Halevi, Goni
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Halle, Andrew
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Hood, Carol E.
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Horne, Keith
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Horst, J. Chuck
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Kouchkovsky, Maxime De
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Loveland, Donald
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Olaes, Melanie Kae B.
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Park, Songyoun
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Ross, Timothy W.
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Runco, Jordan N.
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U, Vivian, Barth, Aaron J., Vogler, H. Alexander, Guo, Hengxiao, Treu, Tommaso, Bennert, Vardha N., Canalizo, Gabriela, Filippenko, Alexei V., Gates, Elinor, Hamann, Frederick, Joner, Michael D., Malkan, Matthew A., Pancoast, Anna, Williams, Peter R., Woo, Jong-hak, Abolfathi, Bela, Abramson, L. E., Armen, Stephen F., Bae, Hyun-jin, Bohn, Thomas, Boizelle, Benjamin D., Bostroem, Azalee, Brandel, Andrew, Brink, Thomas G., Channa, Sanyum, Cooper, M. C., Cosens, Maren, Donohue, Edward, Fillingham, Sean P., González-buitrago, Diego, Halevi, Goni, Halle, Andrew, Hood, Carol E., Horne, Keith, Horst, J. Chuck, Kouchkovsky, Maxime De, Kuhn, Benjamin, Kumar, Sahana, Leonard, Douglas C., Loveland, Donald, Manzano-king, Christina, Mchardy, Ian, Michel, Raúl, Olaes, Melanie Kae B., Park, Daeseong, Park, Songyoun, Pei, Liuyi, Ross, Timothy W., Runco, Jordan N., Samuel, Jenna, Sánchez, Javier, Scott, Bryan, Sexton, Remington O., Shin, Jaejin, Shivvers, Isaac, Spencer, Chance L., Stahl, Benjamin E., Stegman, Samantha, Stomberg, Isak, Valenti, Stefano, Villafaña, L., Walsh, Jonelle L., Yuk, Heechan and Zheng, Weikang (2022) The lick AGN monitoring project 2016: velocity-resolved H beta Lags in luminous Seyfert galaxies. The Astrophysical Journal, 925 (1), [52]. (doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac3d26).

Record type: Article

Abstract

We carried out spectroscopic monitoring of 21 low-redshift Seyfert 1 galaxies using the Kast double spectrograph on the 3 m Shane telescope at Lick Observatory from 2016 April to 2017 May. Targeting active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with luminosities of λLλ(5100 Å) ≈ 1044 erg s−1 and predicted Hβ lags of ∼20–30 days or black hole masses of 107–108.5 M⊙, our campaign probes luminosity-dependent trends in broad-line region (BLR) structure and dynamics as well as to improve calibrations for single-epoch estimates of quasar black hole masses. Here we present the first results from the campaign, including Hβ emission-line light curves, integrated Hβ lag times (8–30 days) measured against V-band continuum light curves, velocity-resolved reverberation lags, line widths of the broad Hβ components, and virial black hole mass estimates (107.1–108.1 M⊙). Our results add significantly to the number of existing velocity-resolved lag measurements and reveal a diversity of BLR gas kinematics at moderately high AGN luminosities. AGN continuum luminosity appears not to be correlated with the type of kinematics that its BLR gas may exhibit. Follow-up direct modeling of this data set will elucidate the detailed kinematics and provide robust dynamical black hole masses for several objects in this sample.

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Accepted/In Press date: 22 November 2021
Published date: 20 January 2022
Additional Information: Funding Information: Research at UC Irvine has been supported by NSF grants AST-1412693 and AST-1907208. V.U. acknowledges funding support from the University of California Riverside’s Chancellor’s Postdoctoral Fellowship and NASA Astrophysics Data Analysis Program Grant #80NSSC20K0450. Her work was conducted in part at the Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by NSF grant PHY-1607611; she thanks the Center for its hospitality during the “Astrophysics of Massive Black Holes Merger” workshop in 2018 June and July. T.T. acknowledges support by the Packard Foundation through a Packard research fellowship. V.N.B. and I.S. gratefully acknowledge assistance from NSF Research at Undergraduate Institutions (RUI) grants AST-1312296 and AST-1909297. Note that findings and conclusions do not necessarily represent views of the NSF. G.C. acknowledges NSF support under grant AST-1817233. J.H.W. acknowledges the funding from the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korean Government (NRF-2021R1A2C3008486). A.V.F.'s group at U.C. Berkeley is grateful for support from the TABASGO Foundation, the Christopher R. Redlich Fund, the Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science (in which he is a Miller Senior Fellow), and many individual donors. K.H. acknowledges support from STFC grant ST/R000824/1. We acknowledge the generous support of Marc J. Staley, whose fellowship partly funded B.E.S. while contributing to the work presented herein as a graduate student. I.S. acknowledges support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germanys Excellence Strategy—EXC 2121 “Quantum Universe”—390833306. Research by S.V. is supported by NSF grants AST1813176 and AST-2008108. Funding Information: We thank the anonymous referee for thoughtful comments and great suggestions that significantly improved this manuscript. We are grateful to M. Fausnaugh for offering help with their mapspec code used to test different spectral scaling of our Shane/Kast data, and M. Bentz for providing her table of values for the radius–luminosity relationship. We acknowledge the following individuals for their time and effort contributed to the Lick observing campaign: (Shane) Zachary Parsons, Estefania Padilla Gonzalez, Noah Rivera, Cristilyn Gardner, Jake Haslemann, Sean Lewis, and Ellen Glad; (Nickel) Nick Choksi, Sameen Yunus, Jeff Molloy, Andrew Rikhter, and Haynes Stephens. Photometric data collection at MLO was supported by NSF grant AST-1210311; we thank Robert Quimby, Emma Lee, Joseph Tinglof, Eric McLaughlin, Amy Igarashi, and Tariq Johnson for assistance with these observations. Funding Information: We are deeply grateful to the UCO/Lick staff for help with scheduling and supporting the observations. Research at Lick Observatory is partially supported by a generous gift from Google. The Kast red CCD detector upgrade, led by B. Holden, was made possible by the Heising-Simons Foundation, William and Marina Kast, and the University of California Observatories. KAIT and its ongoing operation were made possible by donations from Sun Microsystems, Inc., the Hewlett-Packard Company, AutoScope Corporation, Lick Observatory, the NSF, the University of California, the Sylvia & Jim Katzman Foundation, and the TABASGO Foundation. Data presented herein were obtained using the UCI Remote Observing Facility, made possible by a generous gift from John and Ruth Ann Evans. Funding Information: This work makes use of observations from the LCOGT network. The Liverpool Telescope is operated on the island of La Palma by Liverpool John Moores University in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias with financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. Based on observations acquired at the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional in the Sierra San Pedro Mártir (OAN-SPM), Baja California, México, we thank the daytime and night support staff at the OAN-SPM for facilitating and helping obtain our observations. Some of the data used in this paper were acquired with the RATIR instrument, funded by the University of California and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, and the 1.5-meter Harold L. Johnson telescope at the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional on the Sierra de San Pedro Mártir, operated and maintained by the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional and the Instituto de Astronomía of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Operations are partially funded by the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (DGAPA/PAPIIT IG100414, IT102715, AG100317, IN109418, IG100820, and IN105921). We acknowledge the contribution of Leonid Georgiev and Neil Gehrels to the development of RATIR. This research was made possible through the use of the AAVSO Photometric All-Sky Survey (APASS), funded by the Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund and NSF grant AST-1412587 and contributed by observers worldwide. We acknowledge the use of The AGN Black Hole Mass Database as a compilation of some of the reverberation-mapped black hole masses prior to 2015 (Bentz & Katz ). This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Publisher Copyright: © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 455356
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/455356
ISSN: 0004-637X
PURE UUID: b3090341-e72d-4358-827d-848806b85f3a

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Date deposited: 17 Mar 2022 17:41
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 16:22

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Contributors

Author: Vivian U
Author: Aaron J. Barth
Author: H. Alexander Vogler
Author: Hengxiao Guo
Author: Tommaso Treu
Author: Vardha N. Bennert
Author: Gabriela Canalizo
Author: Alexei V. Filippenko
Author: Elinor Gates
Author: Frederick Hamann
Author: Michael D. Joner
Author: Matthew A. Malkan
Author: Anna Pancoast
Author: Peter R. Williams
Author: Jong-hak Woo
Author: Bela Abolfathi
Author: L. E. Abramson
Author: Stephen F. Armen
Author: Hyun-jin Bae
Author: Thomas Bohn
Author: Benjamin D. Boizelle
Author: Azalee Bostroem
Author: Andrew Brandel
Author: Thomas G. Brink
Author: Sanyum Channa
Author: M. C. Cooper
Author: Maren Cosens
Author: Edward Donohue
Author: Sean P. Fillingham
Author: Diego González-buitrago
Author: Goni Halevi
Author: Andrew Halle
Author: Carol E. Hood
Author: Keith Horne
Author: J. Chuck Horst
Author: Maxime De Kouchkovsky
Author: Benjamin Kuhn
Author: Sahana Kumar
Author: Douglas C. Leonard
Author: Donald Loveland
Author: Christina Manzano-king
Author: Ian Mchardy
Author: Raúl Michel
Author: Melanie Kae B. Olaes
Author: Daeseong Park
Author: Songyoun Park
Author: Liuyi Pei
Author: Timothy W. Ross
Author: Jordan N. Runco
Author: Jenna Samuel
Author: Javier Sánchez
Author: Bryan Scott
Author: Remington O. Sexton
Author: Jaejin Shin
Author: Isaac Shivvers
Author: Chance L. Spencer
Author: Benjamin E. Stahl
Author: Samantha Stegman
Author: Isak Stomberg
Author: Stefano Valenti
Author: L. Villafaña
Author: Jonelle L. Walsh
Author: Heechan Yuk
Author: Weikang Zheng

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