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ML-Assisted Equalization for 50-Gb/s/λ O-Band CWDM Transmission Over 100-km SMF

ML-Assisted Equalization for 50-Gb/s/λ O-Band CWDM Transmission Over 100-km SMF
ML-Assisted Equalization for 50-Gb/s/λ O-Band CWDM Transmission Over 100-km SMF
We propose and demonstrate a bidirectional Vanilla recurrent neural network (Vanilla-RNN) based equalization scheme for O-band coarse wavelength division multiplexed (CWDM) transmission. Based on a 4×50-Gb/s intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) system, we demonstrate the significantly better bit error rate (BER) performance of the Vanilla-RNN scheme over the conventional decision feedback equalizer (DFE) for both Nyquist on-off keying (OOK) and Nyquist 4-ary pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) formats. It is shown that the Vanilla-RNN equalizer is capable of compensating for both linear and nonlinear impairments induced by the transceiver and the single-mode fiber (SMF). As a result, up to 100-km and 75-km SMF transmission can be achieved for OOK and PAM4 transmission, respectively. Furthermore, through the comparison with other equalization schemes, including the linear equalizer, 3rd-order Volterra equalizer, and Volterra+DFE, it is demonstrated that the Vanilla-RNN equalizer achieves the best BER performance. In the meantime, it also exhibits lower implementation complexity when compared to Volterra-based schemes. Our results show that the Vanilla-RNN scheme is a viable solution for realizing simple and effective equalization. This work serves as an exploration and offers useful insights for future implementations of reach-extended O-band CWDM IM/DD systems.
Artificial neural networks, Bit error rate, Coarse Wavelength-division Multiplexing, Complexity theory, Decision feedback equalizers, Intensity-modulation and Direct-detection, Machine Learning, O-band Transmission, Optical modulation, Training, Wavelength division multiplexing
1077-260X
Hong, Yang
73d5144c-02db-4977-b517-0d2f5a052807
Deligiannidis, Stavros
b20ae1a7-3ffc-4722-916c-bd3b4021e247
Taengnoi, Natsupa
afc5fb3e-224b-43b3-a161-931ed77faec1
Bottrill, Kyle
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Thipparapu, Naresh Kumar
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Wang, Yu
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Sahu, Jayanta
009f5fb3-6555-411a-9a0c-9a1b5a29ceb2
Richardson, David J.
ebfe1ff9-d0c2-4e52-b7ae-c1b13bccdef3
Mesaritakis, Charis
3e722138-feb0-45b0-ae46-e29104f270f2
Bogris, Adonis
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Petropoulos, Periklis
522b02cc-9f3f-468e-bca5-e9f58cc9cad7
Hong, Yang
73d5144c-02db-4977-b517-0d2f5a052807
Deligiannidis, Stavros
b20ae1a7-3ffc-4722-916c-bd3b4021e247
Taengnoi, Natsupa
afc5fb3e-224b-43b3-a161-931ed77faec1
Bottrill, Kyle
8c2e6c2d-9f14-424e-b779-43c23e2f49ac
Thipparapu, Naresh Kumar
a36a2b4c-b75c-4976-a753-b5fab9e54150
Wang, Yu
629093a5-d7b6-408d-86bf-d2e754f739e6
Sahu, Jayanta
009f5fb3-6555-411a-9a0c-9a1b5a29ceb2
Richardson, David J.
ebfe1ff9-d0c2-4e52-b7ae-c1b13bccdef3
Mesaritakis, Charis
3e722138-feb0-45b0-ae46-e29104f270f2
Bogris, Adonis
bd565c87-1dcb-4a43-a3bb-0d83b7025869
Petropoulos, Periklis
522b02cc-9f3f-468e-bca5-e9f58cc9cad7

Hong, Yang, Deligiannidis, Stavros, Taengnoi, Natsupa, Bottrill, Kyle, Thipparapu, Naresh Kumar, Wang, Yu, Sahu, Jayanta, Richardson, David J., Mesaritakis, Charis, Bogris, Adonis and Petropoulos, Periklis (2022) ML-Assisted Equalization for 50-Gb/s/λ O-Band CWDM Transmission Over 100-km SMF. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 28 (4), [3700410]. (doi:10.1109/JSTQE.2022.3155990).

Record type: Article

Abstract

We propose and demonstrate a bidirectional Vanilla recurrent neural network (Vanilla-RNN) based equalization scheme for O-band coarse wavelength division multiplexed (CWDM) transmission. Based on a 4×50-Gb/s intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) system, we demonstrate the significantly better bit error rate (BER) performance of the Vanilla-RNN scheme over the conventional decision feedback equalizer (DFE) for both Nyquist on-off keying (OOK) and Nyquist 4-ary pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) formats. It is shown that the Vanilla-RNN equalizer is capable of compensating for both linear and nonlinear impairments induced by the transceiver and the single-mode fiber (SMF). As a result, up to 100-km and 75-km SMF transmission can be achieved for OOK and PAM4 transmission, respectively. Furthermore, through the comparison with other equalization schemes, including the linear equalizer, 3rd-order Volterra equalizer, and Volterra+DFE, it is demonstrated that the Vanilla-RNN equalizer achieves the best BER performance. In the meantime, it also exhibits lower implementation complexity when compared to Volterra-based schemes. Our results show that the Vanilla-RNN scheme is a viable solution for realizing simple and effective equalization. This work serves as an exploration and offers useful insights for future implementations of reach-extended O-band CWDM IM/DD systems.

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Accepted/In Press date: 28 February 2022
Published date: 2022
Additional Information: Publisher Copyright: IEEE Copyright: Copyright 2022 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Keywords: Artificial neural networks, Bit error rate, Coarse Wavelength-division Multiplexing, Complexity theory, Decision feedback equalizers, Intensity-modulation and Direct-detection, Machine Learning, O-band Transmission, Optical modulation, Training, Wavelength division multiplexing

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 455607
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/455607
ISSN: 1077-260X
PURE UUID: 4b559d2e-589e-4807-90fc-6b2401be955a
ORCID for Kyle Bottrill: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-9872-110X
ORCID for Naresh Kumar Thipparapu: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-5153-4737
ORCID for Jayanta Sahu: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-3560-6152
ORCID for David J. Richardson: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-7751-1058
ORCID for Periklis Petropoulos: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-1576-8034

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Date deposited: 29 Mar 2022 16:31
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 03:41

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Contributors

Author: Yang Hong
Author: Stavros Deligiannidis
Author: Natsupa Taengnoi
Author: Kyle Bottrill ORCID iD
Author: Naresh Kumar Thipparapu ORCID iD
Author: Yu Wang
Author: Jayanta Sahu ORCID iD
Author: Charis Mesaritakis
Author: Adonis Bogris
Author: Periklis Petropoulos ORCID iD

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