Iodine status in pregnant women and infants in Finland
Iodine status in pregnant women and infants in Finland
Purpose: Iodine insufficiency during pregnancy may adversely influence fetal growth and development. There is a lack of information on iodine status in pregnant women and infants in many countries including Finland. The aim of this study is to determine dietary intake of iodine and the iodine status in a population of Finnish pregnant women and their infants.
Methods: Urine samples were collected from women participating in a mother-child clinical study at early (n = 174) and late pregnancy (n = 186) and at three months of postpartum (n = 197), when infant samples were also collected (n = 123). Urine iodine concentration was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cutoffs for iodine insufficiency were < 150 µg/L during pregnancy and < 100 µg/L at postpartum and in infants. Iodine intake was assessed using 3-day food diaries.
Results: Increased risk of insufficiency, based on urinary iodine concentrations, was observed in the groups investigated in this study. Of the women studied, 66% had urinary iodine concentrations indicating insufficient intakes and iodine insufficiency at early pregnancy, 70% at late pregnancy and 59% at three months of postpartum. This was also the case in 29% of the three-month-old infants. Estimation of iodine intake revealed that iodine insufficient women had lower intakes of iodine from the diet, from food supplements and from diet plus supplements than iodine sufficient women in early pregnancy and at three months of post-partum. In late pregnancy, this difference was seen for iodine intake from supplements.
Conclusion: The majority of the women manifested with low urine iodine concentrations both during and after pregnancy. Similarly, one-third of the infants presented with iodine insufficiency. Maternal iodine intake data support these findings. These observations may have implications for optimal child cognitive development.
Infant, Iodine intake, Iodine status, Pregnancy, Urinary iodine concentration
2919-2927
Miles, Elizabeth
20332899-ecdb-4214-95bc-922dde36d416
Vahlberg, Tero
1e0c1ef3-e686-4684-8bae-fce47445c9d6
Calder, Philip
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
Houttu, Noora
896e26ae-7aea-46c1-8503-2886ded253c4
Pajunen, Lotta
848bdbcb-8e48-40f6-b620-c4cd8214b7ba
Koivuniemi, Ella
37288b51-b713-4903-9a5d-e4dd6b7d31ea
Mokkala, Kati
88d50e32-6215-4fbb-83a4-faa595801c42
Laitinen, Kirsi
bdbdab62-7dd2-4074-a50c-daec285e6837
September 2022
Miles, Elizabeth
20332899-ecdb-4214-95bc-922dde36d416
Vahlberg, Tero
1e0c1ef3-e686-4684-8bae-fce47445c9d6
Calder, Philip
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
Houttu, Noora
896e26ae-7aea-46c1-8503-2886ded253c4
Pajunen, Lotta
848bdbcb-8e48-40f6-b620-c4cd8214b7ba
Koivuniemi, Ella
37288b51-b713-4903-9a5d-e4dd6b7d31ea
Mokkala, Kati
88d50e32-6215-4fbb-83a4-faa595801c42
Laitinen, Kirsi
bdbdab62-7dd2-4074-a50c-daec285e6837
Miles, Elizabeth, Vahlberg, Tero, Calder, Philip, Houttu, Noora, Pajunen, Lotta, Koivuniemi, Ella, Mokkala, Kati and Laitinen, Kirsi
(2022)
Iodine status in pregnant women and infants in Finland.
European Journal of Nutrition, 61 (6), .
(doi:10.1007/s00394-022-02852-9).
Abstract
Purpose: Iodine insufficiency during pregnancy may adversely influence fetal growth and development. There is a lack of information on iodine status in pregnant women and infants in many countries including Finland. The aim of this study is to determine dietary intake of iodine and the iodine status in a population of Finnish pregnant women and their infants.
Methods: Urine samples were collected from women participating in a mother-child clinical study at early (n = 174) and late pregnancy (n = 186) and at three months of postpartum (n = 197), when infant samples were also collected (n = 123). Urine iodine concentration was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cutoffs for iodine insufficiency were < 150 µg/L during pregnancy and < 100 µg/L at postpartum and in infants. Iodine intake was assessed using 3-day food diaries.
Results: Increased risk of insufficiency, based on urinary iodine concentrations, was observed in the groups investigated in this study. Of the women studied, 66% had urinary iodine concentrations indicating insufficient intakes and iodine insufficiency at early pregnancy, 70% at late pregnancy and 59% at three months of postpartum. This was also the case in 29% of the three-month-old infants. Estimation of iodine intake revealed that iodine insufficient women had lower intakes of iodine from the diet, from food supplements and from diet plus supplements than iodine sufficient women in early pregnancy and at three months of post-partum. In late pregnancy, this difference was seen for iodine intake from supplements.
Conclusion: The majority of the women manifested with low urine iodine concentrations both during and after pregnancy. Similarly, one-third of the infants presented with iodine insufficiency. Maternal iodine intake data support these findings. These observations may have implications for optimal child cognitive development.
Text
Iodine_pregnant_women_EJON-D-21-00333_R2_FINAL
- Accepted Manuscript
Text
Miles2022_Article_IodineStatusInPregnantWomenAnd
- Version of Record
More information
Accepted/In Press date: 22 February 2022
Published date: September 2022
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
The clinical study execution was supported by the Academy of Finland (#258606), State research funding for university-level health research of the Turku University Hospital Expert Responsibility Area, the Diabetes Research Foundation, Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation, the Juho Vainio Foundation and Business Finland (#3486/31/2015).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
Keywords:
Infant, Iodine intake, Iodine status, Pregnancy, Urinary iodine concentration
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 455622
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/455622
ISSN: 1436-6207
PURE UUID: d3275599-fd56-4100-8207-733089749677
Catalogue record
Date deposited: 29 Mar 2022 16:45
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 07:10
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Contributors
Author:
Tero Vahlberg
Author:
Noora Houttu
Author:
Lotta Pajunen
Author:
Ella Koivuniemi
Author:
Kati Mokkala
Author:
Kirsi Laitinen
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