μ-CT Investigation into the Impact of a Fuel-Borne Catalyst Additive on the Filtration Efficiency and Backpressure of Gasoline Particulate Filters
μ-CT Investigation into the Impact of a Fuel-Borne Catalyst Additive on the Filtration Efficiency and Backpressure of Gasoline Particulate Filters
An investigation into the pre-ashing of new gasoline particulate filters (GPFs) has demonstrated that the filtration efficiency of such filters can be improved by up to 30% (absolute efficiency improvement) when preconditioned using ash derived from a fuel-borne catalyst (FBC) additive. The additive is typically used in diesel applications to enable diesel particulate filter (DPF) regeneration and can be added directly into the fuel tank of the vehicle. This novel result was compared with ash derived from lube oil componentry, which has previously been shown to improve filtration efficiency in GPFs. The lube oil-derived ash utilized in this work improved the filtration efficiency of the GPF by approximately 30%, comparable to the ash derived from the FBC additive. The undesirable impact of the ash deposit on backpressure increases was also investigated, and it was established that the use of the FBC additive resulted in a lower backpressure increase versus the equivalent ash loading from lube oil components. Following the real-world vehicle testing and GPF evaluation, the used, intact filters were further analyzed, using micro-focus computed tomography (μ-CT) to assess the ash distribution within the filters. It was established that the FBC-derived ash was predominantly deposited near the outlet plug region of the filter, whereas the lube oil-derived ash was also distributed within the channel walls, which resulted in a higher GPF backpressure. The μ-CT results were therefore key to establishing the differences between these two ash-providing sources and enabled a better understanding of the effect of filter microstructure on macroscopic performance, i.e., GPF efficiency and backpressure results.
Fuel-borne catalyst, Gasoline particulate filter, X-ray microtomography
Price, Stephen W. T.
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Vamvakeros, Antonis
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Jacques, Simon D. M.
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Beale, Andrew M.
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Rankin, Kathryn E.
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Hollingsworth, Nathan
89421781-3e73-473b-883c-3434e99f06d9
Coultas, David
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Challinor, Amy
6056bb37-59e9-4414-b657-3fd30b312cce
18 January 2022
Price, Stephen W. T.
eabe61c8-fe23-4584-9cbf-93074c1a42f1
Vamvakeros, Antonis
dd787de2-c073-4101-b645-afc8b0ce2168
Jacques, Simon D. M.
048e1cdc-70be-412d-852a-5e91ec212121
Beale, Andrew M.
849db6ed-da1a-4598-9a90-453f6ab6b5e0
Rankin, Kathryn E.
d9516566-0ad8-473d-b99b-4683c663a2b7
Hollingsworth, Nathan
89421781-3e73-473b-883c-3434e99f06d9
Coultas, David
f2ec0592-0ca3-4bb4-9109-0d197b982451
Challinor, Amy
6056bb37-59e9-4414-b657-3fd30b312cce
Price, Stephen W. T., Vamvakeros, Antonis, Jacques, Simon D. M., Beale, Andrew M., Rankin, Kathryn E., Hollingsworth, Nathan, Coultas, David and Challinor, Amy
(2022)
μ-CT Investigation into the Impact of a Fuel-Borne Catalyst Additive on the Filtration Efficiency and Backpressure of Gasoline Particulate Filters.
SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants, 15 (2).
(doi:10.4271/04-15-02-0006).
Abstract
An investigation into the pre-ashing of new gasoline particulate filters (GPFs) has demonstrated that the filtration efficiency of such filters can be improved by up to 30% (absolute efficiency improvement) when preconditioned using ash derived from a fuel-borne catalyst (FBC) additive. The additive is typically used in diesel applications to enable diesel particulate filter (DPF) regeneration and can be added directly into the fuel tank of the vehicle. This novel result was compared with ash derived from lube oil componentry, which has previously been shown to improve filtration efficiency in GPFs. The lube oil-derived ash utilized in this work improved the filtration efficiency of the GPF by approximately 30%, comparable to the ash derived from the FBC additive. The undesirable impact of the ash deposit on backpressure increases was also investigated, and it was established that the use of the FBC additive resulted in a lower backpressure increase versus the equivalent ash loading from lube oil components. Following the real-world vehicle testing and GPF evaluation, the used, intact filters were further analyzed, using micro-focus computed tomography (μ-CT) to assess the ash distribution within the filters. It was established that the FBC-derived ash was predominantly deposited near the outlet plug region of the filter, whereas the lube oil-derived ash was also distributed within the channel walls, which resulted in a higher GPF backpressure. The μ-CT results were therefore key to establishing the differences between these two ash-providing sources and enabled a better understanding of the effect of filter microstructure on macroscopic performance, i.e., GPF efficiency and backpressure results.
Text
Price et al 2022 SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr accepted manuscript
- Accepted Manuscript
More information
Accepted/In Press date: 29 December 2021
Published date: 18 January 2022
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Publisher Copyright:
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Keywords:
Fuel-borne catalyst, Gasoline particulate filter, X-ray microtomography
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 456113
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/456113
ISSN: 1946-3952
PURE UUID: 0a340879-6170-48e1-b5a0-f388a83f9f4f
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Date deposited: 26 Apr 2022 14:52
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 07:12
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Contributors
Author:
Stephen W. T. Price
Author:
Antonis Vamvakeros
Author:
Simon D. M. Jacques
Author:
Andrew M. Beale
Author:
Kathryn E. Rankin
Author:
Nathan Hollingsworth
Author:
David Coultas
Author:
Amy Challinor
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