Theoretical and experimental analysis of long-period fiber gratings made directly into Er-doped active fibers
Theoretical and experimental analysis of long-period fiber gratings made directly into Er-doped active fibers
We present a rigorous theoretical and experimental analysis of signal propagation along a long-period fiber grating (LPFG) made in an Erbium-doped amplifying fiber (EDF). First, numerous effects that influence amplifying process in Erbium-doped fibers were considered. These are clustering of Er ions and subsequent upconversion and change of fiber refractive index due to the optical pumping. Subsequently, LPFG-assisted interaction between the amplified fiber core mode and a cladding mode is described combining rate equations that describe propagation through the EDF and coupled-mode equations that describe propagation through the LPFG. While this implementation is relatively straightforward for the signal and pump, it requires particular attention when dealing with spontaneous emission and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) that are incoherent (described purely by amplitude), but have to diffract on the LPFG (that is amplitude and phase sensitive). This issue is carefully addressed here. As a result, we were able to rigorously describe the propagation of pump, signal, and ASE through the LPFG-amplifying diffractive structure considering effects such as pump depletion, shift of the coupling wavelength due to the pump power, and ASE formation along the structure. Forward pumping (pump copropagating with the signal) and backward pumping (pump counterpropagating to the signal) were both considered. The theoretical analysis was fully verified by carried-out experiments.
Gratings, Optical fiber amplifiers, Optical fiber filters
2335-2342
Krčmařík, David
9b53b281-4de2-4143-b608-4aa479edef49
Slavík, Radan
2591726a-ecc0-4d1a-8e1d-4d0fd8da8f7d
Karásek, Miroslav
57da752f-0df8-48e9-89f2-77fe731ed95e
Kulishov, Mykola
8195a009-0031-4252-a375-0963b33849a1
1 July 2009
Krčmařík, David
9b53b281-4de2-4143-b608-4aa479edef49
Slavík, Radan
2591726a-ecc0-4d1a-8e1d-4d0fd8da8f7d
Karásek, Miroslav
57da752f-0df8-48e9-89f2-77fe731ed95e
Kulishov, Mykola
8195a009-0031-4252-a375-0963b33849a1
Krčmařík, David, Slavík, Radan, Karásek, Miroslav and Kulishov, Mykola
(2009)
Theoretical and experimental analysis of long-period fiber gratings made directly into Er-doped active fibers.
Journal of Lightwave Technology, 27 (13), .
(doi:10.1109/JLT.2008.2008316).
Abstract
We present a rigorous theoretical and experimental analysis of signal propagation along a long-period fiber grating (LPFG) made in an Erbium-doped amplifying fiber (EDF). First, numerous effects that influence amplifying process in Erbium-doped fibers were considered. These are clustering of Er ions and subsequent upconversion and change of fiber refractive index due to the optical pumping. Subsequently, LPFG-assisted interaction between the amplified fiber core mode and a cladding mode is described combining rate equations that describe propagation through the EDF and coupled-mode equations that describe propagation through the LPFG. While this implementation is relatively straightforward for the signal and pump, it requires particular attention when dealing with spontaneous emission and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) that are incoherent (described purely by amplitude), but have to diffract on the LPFG (that is amplitude and phase sensitive). This issue is carefully addressed here. As a result, we were able to rigorously describe the propagation of pump, signal, and ASE through the LPFG-amplifying diffractive structure considering effects such as pump depletion, shift of the coupling wavelength due to the pump power, and ASE formation along the structure. Forward pumping (pump copropagating with the signal) and backward pumping (pump counterpropagating to the signal) were both considered. The theoretical analysis was fully verified by carried-out experiments.
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More information
Published date: 1 July 2009
Additional Information:
This work was supported by the Grant Agency of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (GA AS CR) under Contract KJB200670601 and in part by the Czech Science Foundation under Contract 102/07/0999.
Keywords:
Gratings, Optical fiber amplifiers, Optical fiber filters
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 456656
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/456656
ISSN: 0733-8724
PURE UUID: 40188c75-13ff-4ae7-9e97-5d6482c61730
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Date deposited: 05 May 2022 17:00
Last modified: 18 Mar 2024 03:12
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Contributors
Author:
David Krčmařík
Author:
Miroslav Karásek
Author:
Mykola Kulishov
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