Tucker, Katherine, Mort, Sam, Yu, Ly-Mee, Campbell, Helen, Wilson, Hannah, Allen, Julie, Band, Rebecca, Chisholm, Alison, Crawford, Carole, Dougall, Greig, Engonidou, Lazarina, Franssen, Marloes, Green, Marcus, Greenfield, Sheila, Hinton, Lisa, Hodgkinson, James, Lavallee, Layla, Leeson, Paul, McCourt, Christine, Mackillop, Lucy, Sandall, Jane, Santos, Mauro, Tarassenko, Lionel, Velardo, Carmelo, Yardley, Lucy, Chappell, Lucy and McManus, Richard (2022) Effect of self-monitoring of blood pressure on diagnosis of hypertension during higher-risk pregnancy:: The BUMP 1 randomized trial. JAMA, 327 (17), 1656-1665. (doi:10.1001/jama.2022.4712).
Abstract
Importance: Inadequate management of elevated blood pressure (BP) is a significant contributing factor to maternal deaths. Self-monitoring of BP in the general population has been shown to improve the diagnosis and management of hypertension; however, little is known about its use in pregnancy. Objective: To determine whether self-monitoring of BP in higher-risk pregnancies leads to earlier detection of pregnancy hypertension. Design, Setting, and Participants: Unblinded, randomized clinical trial that included 2441 pregnant individuals at higher risk of preeclampsia and recruited at a mean of 20 weeks' gestation from 15 hospital maternity units in England between November 2018 and October 2019. Final follow-up was completed in April 2020. Interventions: Participating individuals were randomized to either BP self-monitoring with telemonitoring (n = 1223) plus usual care or usual antenatal care alone (n = 1218) without access to telemonitored BP. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was time to first recorded hypertension measured by a health care professional. Results: Among 2441 participants who were randomized (mean [SD] age, 33 [5.6] years; mean gestation, 20 [1.6] weeks), 2346 (96%) completed the trial. The time from randomization to clinic recording of hypertension was not significantly different between individuals in the self-monitoring group (mean [SD], 104.3 [32.6] days) vs in the usual care group (mean [SD], 106.2 [32.0] days) (mean difference, -1.6 days [95% CI, -8.1 to 4.9]; P =.64). Eighteen serious adverse events were reported during the trial with none judged as related to the intervention (12 [1%] in the self-monitoring group vs 6 [0.5%] in the usual care group). Conclusions and Relevance: Among pregnant individuals at higher risk of preeclampsia, blood pressure self-monitoring with telemonitoring, compared with usual care, did not lead to significantly earlier clinic-based detection of hypertension. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03334149.
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