Return versus onward migration: go back or move on?
Return versus onward migration: go back or move on?
This paper examines the impact of unemployment on out-migration by distinguishing between return and onward migration and controlling for total earnings. We use Timing-of-Events models and control for the endogeneity of total earnings, unemployment and out-migration using administrative data from the Netherlands. Our findings suggest that unemployment triggers return migration more than onward migration. When total earnings are low unemployment increases the hazard of return migration. When total earnings are high the hazard rate of onward migration for unemployed immigrants increases. Thus, these findings highlight that out-migration is affected both by unemployment and by total earnings as well as by the interaction between the two.
migration dynamics, target savers, temporary migration, unemployment
640-667
Bijwaard, Govert E.
129de019-562d-471d-8c3e-c0784cb61556
Wahba, Jackline
03ae9304-c329-40c6-9bfc-d91cfa9e7164
4 May 2022
Bijwaard, Govert E.
129de019-562d-471d-8c3e-c0784cb61556
Wahba, Jackline
03ae9304-c329-40c6-9bfc-d91cfa9e7164
Bijwaard, Govert E. and Wahba, Jackline
(2022)
Return versus onward migration: go back or move on?
Review of Income and Wealth, 69 (3), .
(doi:10.1111/roiw.12590).
Abstract
This paper examines the impact of unemployment on out-migration by distinguishing between return and onward migration and controlling for total earnings. We use Timing-of-Events models and control for the endogeneity of total earnings, unemployment and out-migration using administrative data from the Netherlands. Our findings suggest that unemployment triggers return migration more than onward migration. When total earnings are low unemployment increases the hazard of return migration. When total earnings are high the hazard rate of onward migration for unemployed immigrants increases. Thus, these findings highlight that out-migration is affected both by unemployment and by total earnings as well as by the interaction between the two.
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Review of Income and Wealth - 2022 - Bijwaard - Return Versus onward Migration Go Back or Move On (1)
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Accepted/In Press date: 4 May 2022
Published date: 4 May 2022
Keywords:
migration dynamics, target savers, temporary migration, unemployment
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 457253
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/457253
ISSN: 0034-6586
PURE UUID: 09404aac-4928-4301-95e1-f180d7bd54ac
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Date deposited: 27 May 2022 16:58
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 02:42
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Author:
Govert E. Bijwaard
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