Zhang, Liang, Zhang, Yuexin, Méndez, Mariano, García, Federico, Karpouzas, Konstantinos, Altamirano, Diego, Zhang, Shuang-Nan, Belloni, Tomaso M., Qu, Jinlu, Zhang, Shu, Tao, Lian, Huang, Yue, Kong, Lingda, Ma, Ruican, Yu, Wei, Rawat, Divya and Bellavita, Candela (2022) The evolution of the corona in MAXI J1535-571 through type-C quasi-periodic oscillations with Insight-HXMT. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 512 (2), 2686–2696. (doi:10.1093/mnras/stac690).
Abstract
Type-C quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in black hole X-ray transients can appear when the source is in the low-hard and hard-intermediate states. The spectral-timing evolution of the type-C QPO in MAXI J1535−571 has been recently studied with Insight-HXMT. Here, we fit simultaneously the time-averaged energy spectrum, using a relativistic reflection model, and the fractional rms and phase-lag spectra of the type-C QPOs, using a recently developed time-dependent Comptonization model when the source was in the intermediate state. For the first time, we show that the time-dependent Comptonization model can successfully explain the X-ray data up to 100 keV. We find that in the hard-intermediate state the frequency of the type-C QPO decreases from 2.6 to 2.1 Hz, then increases to 3.3 Hz, and finally increases to ∼9 Hz. Simultaneously with this, the evolution of corona size and the feedback fraction (the fraction of photons up-scattered in the corona that return to the disc) indicates the change of the morphology of the corona. Compared with contemporaneous radio observations, this evolution suggests a possible connection between the corona and the jet when the system is in the hard-intermediate state and about to transit into the soft-intermediate state.
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