Holt, Johnson (1983) Aphid resistance in faba beans. University of Southampton, Doctoral Thesis.
Abstract
There was a continuous range of antibiotic resistance to Aphis fabaein thirty European Vicia faba cvs. The intrinsic rate of increase (r ) of A.fabae ranged from .26 to .36 on these cvs. The most resistant cvs were Herra, Throws MS, Reina Mora and Line 14. Such a level of partial resistance was considered to be of potential value as part of an integrated control scheme. Three cvs (I.C.A.R.D.A. BPL Nos. 182, 190 and 224) from a screen of 100 Middle Eastern and North African cvs had similar resistance levels to those mentioned above. A.fabae resistance and faba bean variety (major, minor or equina) were not related but within var. major, Threefold and Processor groups tended to be more resistant. On resistant and susceptible cvs the pattern of A.fabae reproduction maximised r ; on cvs of intermediate resistance the reproductive rate per generation (R0) was maximised. Different cvs were resistant to Aphis fabae, Acyrthosiphon pisumand Megoura viciae. Plant age and aphid clone affected Aphis fabae resistance in cv. Herra but not in cv. Line 14. Plant age affected Acyrthosiphon pisum resistance in several cvs. There were trends towards significant correlations between aphid performance, and honeydew quantity and amino acid concentration for Aphis fabae and Megoura viciae (particularly the former), but not for Acyrthosiphon pisum. Amino acid identity and concentration were similar in the leaf extracts of different cvs. Antibiotic and antixenotic resistance to Aphis fabae was found in the same cvs. Antixenosis differed at host finding and host selection. Changes in plant age and previous alate host cv., or the lack of a choice of host cv., had no major effects on antixenosis. Cultivar antibiosis differences were reduced in the field but corresponded to those established in the laboratory. Variation in aphid performance within each cv. was large. Antibiosis changed from June to July as the plants matured. Antixenosis levels were similar in field and laboratory. Alates selected hosts on the basis of leaf stimuli; their offspring selected sites of active growth on the host selected by the alate. Aphid colonization was increased on mixed susceptible/resistant cv. plots.
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