Facilities and activities financed by associated expenditure in Egyptian universities : their relationship to the academic and professional development of student teachers

El-Abedeen, Mohamed Shams El-Dein Zein (1987) Facilities and activities financed by associated expenditure in Egyptian universities : their relationship to the academic and professional development of student teachers. University of Southampton, Doctoral Thesis.

Abstract

The present research aims to: (i) Calculate the average total educational expenditure per student in Egyptian universities. (ii) Identify characterise and quantify the provision of facilities and activities financed by associated expenditure, as distinct from other educational expenditure in Egyptian universities. (iii) Analyse the relationships between: (a) The amounts of associated expenditure and the extent of involvement of undergraduate students in faculties of education with facilities and activities financed by this expenditure; (b) The nature and extent of involvement of undergraduate students in faculties of education with facilities and activities financed by associated expenditure and their professional development during their university courses as evident in staff and student opinions; and (c) The nature and extent of involvement of undergraduate students in faculties of education with facilities and activities financed by associated expenditure and their success in their university courses in terms of the standard of their academic awards. From the material mentioned above and to facilitate the understanding of the present research, it can be said that there are two major aspects which have to be investigated: the first one is economic which focuses on calculating the average total educational expenditure per student as well as associated expenditure per student and earnings foregone by students in Egyptian universities; and the second aspect is educational which focuses on investigating the relationships which are mentioned in (a), (b), and (c) above. Research instruments have been designed to investigate these two aspects and these instruments have been applied in Ain Shams, Minia, and Assiut Universities in Egypt. These instruments are six in number, two questionnaires and four interviews. Questionnaire no.1 was designed to collect data about the earnings of students from part-time employment during their university courses. Questionnaire no.2 investigates the extent of involvement of undergraduate students in faculties of education with the facilities and activities financed by associated expenditure as well as the relationship between the nature and extent of the involvement of those students in faculties of education with facilities and activities financed by associated expenditure and their professional development during their university courses. Interview schedule no.1 was designed for Egyptian university academic staff in faculties of education to help in distinguishing associated expenditure from other sorts of educational expenditure. Interview schedule no.2 was designed for academic staff in Egyptian faculties of education to help in further investigation of the relationship between the extent of involvement of undergraduate students with facilities and activities financed by associated expenditure and the development of their professional skills during their university courses. Interview schedule no.3 was designed for undergraduate students in Egyptian faculties of education to investigate the same issue as questionnaire no.2. Interview schedule no.4 was designed for university administrative staff who are responsible for the facilities and activities financed by associated expenditure to help in revealing the nature and scale of these facilities and activities. It is found that the average total educational expenditure per student in 1984 is E𦌫.495 in Ain Shams, E𦔁.178 in Minia, and E𦑾.141 in Assiut, the earnings foregone per student in 1984 are E㴲.17 in Ain Shams, E𦈢.03 in Minia, and E𦈲.93 in Assiut, and the associated expenditure per student in 1984 is (roughly) E㳻.5 in Ain Shams, E㵒.2 in Minia, and E㴩.6 in Assiut. It is also found that relationships (a) and (b) are positive, but relationship (c) is not. The researcher put forward some suggestions for improving facilities and activities financed by associated expenditure and recommended further related research.

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