Development of techniques for wide hybridization in the genus cicer l.

Taheri, Zhila (2000) Development of techniques for wide hybridization in the genus cicer l. University of Southampton, Doctoral Thesis.

Record type: Thesis (Doctoral)

Abstract

Cross compatibility between three Cicer L. species viz. C. arietinum, C. reticulatum and C. pinnatifidum was investigated using a wide range of parental genotypes. The species were reciprocally cross compatible. However, isolating mechanism due to post-fertilization barriers existed between the species. The isolating mechanisms resulted in zygote mortality, embryo inviability and hybrid seedling lethality. Reciprocal differences were noticed among interspecific crosses in relation to pod set and development to maturity, the stage of embryo development and abortion, and hybrid plant viability.

A comparative study of early embryo development was carried out in the species and their reciprocal crosses. Embryo and endosperm development were normal in the parental species. In the crosses, embryo failure at very early stages was noticed resulting in pod abortion between 9-13 DAP. This was due to disharmonious interaction between embryo, suspensor, endosperm, and maternal tissues. Growth regulators were applied to enhance pod development and prevent early embryo regulators were applied to enhance pod development and prevent early embryo abortion. However, it was found that growth regulator application was not as effective in encouraging hybrid embryo development as it was in pod growth. The attempts to produce hybrids using embryo culture techniques was unfortunately unsuccessful, probably due to the fact that embryo abortion had started at an early stage. An in vitro system was developed for culture of young embryos of parental species. This may be used in production of hybrids when it is possible to excise the embryos and culture them in vitro.

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