A comparison of the nutrition knowledge, attitudes and dietary habits of nursing and non-nursing students

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate whether nursing students who receive education in nutrition have different dietary intakes and attitudes towards healthy eating to non-nursing students and whether their eating habits and 6od choices are influenced by different 6ctors. The study used triangulation as a strategy to combine two diGerent methodologies, drawing on both quahtative and quantitative data. Four focus group discussions were conducted with 30 students to identify the factors influencing their eating habits and food choices. These factors were used as statements to which students responded, using Likert scales, in the second part of the study, a self-completion questionnaire. This consisted of four parts: a food Srequency questionnaire, that examined fat and fibre intake, a nutrition knowledge questionnaire, that explored knowledge of nutrients and general nutrition knowledge, 6ctors inGuencing eating habits and Aod choice and attitudes toward healthy eating, and open questions exploring understanding of the term 'healthy eating' and 'intention to change to a healthier diet'. 195 questionnaires were distributed to a convenience sample of nursing and non-nursing students at a university in the south of England: 38 nursing students and 52 non- nursing students completed the questionnaire. The results indicated that the nursing students ate a healthier diet, in terms of fibre and unsaturated 6t, than the non-nursing students did. They also had significantly more positive attitudes toward healthy eating and better nutrition knowledge and understanding. However, they identiSed similar benefits to healthy eating, sources of nutrition information and factors that influenced eating habits and food choices. The social aspects of eating were the most important factor and cost and habit were ranked second. The study also indicated a relationship between dietary intake, nutrition knowledge and attitudes toward healthy eating, which may be hnked to nutrition education. Further associations were found, between attitudes and stated intention to change to a healthier diet, and between estimated Body Mass Index, 6bre intake and nutrition knowledge. This was a small study with a less than 50% response rate and therefore the findings should be interpreted with caution. However, implications for nursing practice and education were considered.

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