Maternal nutrition, maternal body composition during pregnancy and neonatal bone mass
Maternal nutrition, maternal body composition during pregnancy and neonatal bone mass
Aims: to determine the maternal lifestyle and anthropometric factors before and during pregnancy that influence in utero and childhood bone accrual. In addition, to characterize the environmental predictors of changes in maternal bone mass, as measured by quantitative ultrasound of the calcaneus (QUS), during pregnancy.
Methods: A cohort of healthy women was assessed before and during pregnancy and their offspring underwent anthropometric assessment, including whole body DXA, in the neonatal period. A second, older, birth cohort, now aged nine years, with records of their mother’s lifestyle and anthropometry during pregnancy, had anthropometric assessment including whole body and lumbar spine DXA.
Results: Maternal fat stores, smoking in late pregnancy and parental height independently predicted neonatal whole body bone mass. Of these factors, maternal fat stores and height had persisting effects on childhood bone mass. In addition, there was a significant decline in maternal calcaneal QUS during pregnancy; greater loss was predicted by reduced triceps skin fold thickness, nulliparity, low milk intake in the pre-pregnancy period and being pregnant over the winter months. After adjustment for maternal size, greater SOS decline was associated with greater neonatal bone area and mineral content. Of the predictors of childhood anthropometry, birth weight and size predicted bone and lean mass at age nine years but not fat mass. Maternal height and cord blood calcium were independent determinants of bone mineral content at age nine years.
Conclusion: We have demonstrated that maternal body build and lifestyle influence bone mineral accrual in the developing foetus and have persistent effects on post-natal growth, supporting the programming of skeletal growth by the maternal environment. The mechanism may involve maternal effects on foetal calcium homeostasis.
University of Southampton
Javaid, Muhammad Kassim
ecef2d0e-1fef-4059-b036-b585d55ea951
2005
Javaid, Muhammad Kassim
ecef2d0e-1fef-4059-b036-b585d55ea951
Javaid, Muhammad Kassim
(2005)
Maternal nutrition, maternal body composition during pregnancy and neonatal bone mass.
University of Southampton, Doctoral Thesis.
Record type:
Thesis
(Doctoral)
Abstract
Aims: to determine the maternal lifestyle and anthropometric factors before and during pregnancy that influence in utero and childhood bone accrual. In addition, to characterize the environmental predictors of changes in maternal bone mass, as measured by quantitative ultrasound of the calcaneus (QUS), during pregnancy.
Methods: A cohort of healthy women was assessed before and during pregnancy and their offspring underwent anthropometric assessment, including whole body DXA, in the neonatal period. A second, older, birth cohort, now aged nine years, with records of their mother’s lifestyle and anthropometry during pregnancy, had anthropometric assessment including whole body and lumbar spine DXA.
Results: Maternal fat stores, smoking in late pregnancy and parental height independently predicted neonatal whole body bone mass. Of these factors, maternal fat stores and height had persisting effects on childhood bone mass. In addition, there was a significant decline in maternal calcaneal QUS during pregnancy; greater loss was predicted by reduced triceps skin fold thickness, nulliparity, low milk intake in the pre-pregnancy period and being pregnant over the winter months. After adjustment for maternal size, greater SOS decline was associated with greater neonatal bone area and mineral content. Of the predictors of childhood anthropometry, birth weight and size predicted bone and lean mass at age nine years but not fat mass. Maternal height and cord blood calcium were independent determinants of bone mineral content at age nine years.
Conclusion: We have demonstrated that maternal body build and lifestyle influence bone mineral accrual in the developing foetus and have persistent effects on post-natal growth, supporting the programming of skeletal growth by the maternal environment. The mechanism may involve maternal effects on foetal calcium homeostasis.
Text
1006082.pdf
- Version of Record
More information
Published date: 2005
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 465853
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/465853
PURE UUID: c77726e2-4a95-48d4-81ed-619490189d31
Catalogue record
Date deposited: 05 Jul 2022 03:18
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 20:24
Export record
Contributors
Author:
Muhammad Kassim Javaid
Download statistics
Downloads from ePrints over the past year. Other digital versions may also be available to download e.g. from the publisher's website.
View more statistics