Insulin sensitivity and the metabolic syndrome : prevalence and effect of body shape amongst middle aged women and the effects of electrically induced exercise in individuals with type 2 diabetes
Insulin sensitivity and the metabolic syndrome : prevalence and effect of body shape amongst middle aged women and the effects of electrically induced exercise in individuals with type 2 diabetes
An epidemiological study of women aged 35 to 50 in Jersey was performed to establish the prevalence of obesity, both central and peripheral and to examine metabolic sequelae. Insulin sensitivity was assessed in the three key insulin responsive tissues in women with central or peripheral obesity. The use of an electrical muscle stimulator was piloted in subjects with type 2 diabetes to see if it improved insulin sensitivity and metabolic parameters.
40% of middle aged women in Jersey were either overweight or obese. The prevalence of central obesity was 6.6% of the total population. Increasing adiposity and waist: hip ratio were associated with decreasing insulin sensitivity and with increasing fasting glucose, triglycerides and total and LDL cholesterol and with decreasing HDL cholesterol. Central adiposity doubled the number of positive features of the metabolic syndrome. A central distribution of fat was associated with a 36% reduction in insulin sensitivity in muscle. There was greater insulin resistance in liver in centrally obese women but no difference in adipose tissue insulin sensitivity. The electrical muscle stimulator mimicked voluntary exercise with increases in heart rate, blood pressure, energy expenditure and muscle glucose uptake. The maximum tolerated stimulatory current was much smaller than that used in studies in spinal cord injury and after 12 weeks daily use there were no differences in body composition or metabolic parameters.
In conclusion, the prevalence of overweight and obese women in Jersey was high but similar to mainland UK. Central obesity was associated with a worse metabolic profile and this appeared to be mostly because of differences in muscle insulin sensitivity.
University of Southampton
Poole, Ruth Burnet
94568f84-cbc6-4f11-a334-ae9db836814c
2006
Poole, Ruth Burnet
94568f84-cbc6-4f11-a334-ae9db836814c
Poole, Ruth Burnet
(2006)
Insulin sensitivity and the metabolic syndrome : prevalence and effect of body shape amongst middle aged women and the effects of electrically induced exercise in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
University of Southampton, Doctoral Thesis.
Record type:
Thesis
(Doctoral)
Abstract
An epidemiological study of women aged 35 to 50 in Jersey was performed to establish the prevalence of obesity, both central and peripheral and to examine metabolic sequelae. Insulin sensitivity was assessed in the three key insulin responsive tissues in women with central or peripheral obesity. The use of an electrical muscle stimulator was piloted in subjects with type 2 diabetes to see if it improved insulin sensitivity and metabolic parameters.
40% of middle aged women in Jersey were either overweight or obese. The prevalence of central obesity was 6.6% of the total population. Increasing adiposity and waist: hip ratio were associated with decreasing insulin sensitivity and with increasing fasting glucose, triglycerides and total and LDL cholesterol and with decreasing HDL cholesterol. Central adiposity doubled the number of positive features of the metabolic syndrome. A central distribution of fat was associated with a 36% reduction in insulin sensitivity in muscle. There was greater insulin resistance in liver in centrally obese women but no difference in adipose tissue insulin sensitivity. The electrical muscle stimulator mimicked voluntary exercise with increases in heart rate, blood pressure, energy expenditure and muscle glucose uptake. The maximum tolerated stimulatory current was much smaller than that used in studies in spinal cord injury and after 12 weeks daily use there were no differences in body composition or metabolic parameters.
In conclusion, the prevalence of overweight and obese women in Jersey was high but similar to mainland UK. Central obesity was associated with a worse metabolic profile and this appeared to be mostly because of differences in muscle insulin sensitivity.
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Published date: 2006
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Local EPrints ID: 465896
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/465896
PURE UUID: 83a4139c-3c99-41c0-9393-ea9d7a9ebd67
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Date deposited: 05 Jul 2022 03:29
Last modified: 23 Jul 2022 01:14
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Author:
Ruth Burnet Poole
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