Wiggin, Seth Barnaby (2006) Synthesis and characterisation of inorganic framework materials. University of Southampton, Doctoral Thesis.
Abstract
Inorganic framework materials, with structures based on arsenate AsO4 tetrahedra and a variety of additional trigonal, tetrahedral or octahedral units have been synthesised by hydrothermal methods.
Iron arsenates with 2D and 3D framework topologies are reported; these include structures templated by piperazine, 1,4-diaminobutane, DABCO, Fe2As2O7.2H2O and LiFeAsO4OH.
The boron arsenic system has been investigated using a molten salt technique and a variety of alkali metal templates. A total of ten boroarsenate materials have been characterised, including [Cs2(BAsO3OH)8(AsO4)2][(CsC14)C1, which is templated on both anions and cations and a family of materials XBAsO4F (X = Cs, Rb, NH4).
Hydrothermal techniques have been used to produce arsenate frameworks in combination with molybdenum, zinc and scandium. Two zinc arsenate materials with new framework topologies have been synthesised; a chiral framework with 16-ring channels and a 2D layer framework, both with caesium templates. Five scandium arsenate frameworks have been synthesised and are characterised.
Further new compounds have been synthesised by evaporating solutions of amines with metal chloride or arsenate counter-ions; these include three arsenate DABCO structures and a related phosphate DABCO material. Zinc chloride, cobalt chloride and hydrated manganese chloride salts with piperazinium counter-ions were also synthesised.
Hydrothermal syntheses with vanadium reagents resulted in the formation of five new structures – vanadium arsenate; a vanadium oxalate; a nickel vanadate cluster capped by 2,2-bipyridyl and isostructural nickel and cobalt metavanadates, NiV2O6.H2O and CoV2O6.H2O.
During investigations into copper arsenate framework materials, four new copper halide co-ordination polymers were discovered. Two materials with tetramethylammonium (TMA) templates – Cu2Br3(TMA) and Cu2I3(TMA) – and a DABCO templated structure Cu2C13(DABCO) share a common stoichiometry but were shown to possess different structural motifs. A fourth material discovered, Cu7I7(DABCO)2.5, forms a complex 3D organic-inorganic hybrid framework.
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