Generalized space-time block coding for co-located and cooperative MIMO systems

Abstract

In this thesis, firstly we introduce Linear Dispersion Codes (LDCs) and investigate their ap plications, characteristics and performance in the context of wireless communications employing multiple antennas. Secondly, the LDCs are combined with the powerful irregular code design con cept to create near-capacity Serial Concatenated Codes (SCCs) using iterative decoders. The application of irregular LDCs is investigated in the context of co-located Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) elements using coherent detection. We provide the detailed mathemat ical representation of various Space-Time Block Codes (STBCs) and unify them using the linear dispersion structure. Furthermore, the sophisticated irregular principle is imposed on both the outer and inner constituent codes of the SCC scheme. In this way, the resultant scheme becomes capable of operating near the MIMO channel's capacity across a wide range of SNRs, while maintaining an infinitesimally low BER. The linear dispersion architecture is combined with the irregular design philosophy also in the context of non-coherently detected MIMO systems having co-located antenna elements. The specific link between STBCs and Differential Space-Time Block Codes (DSTBCs) allows us to invoke similar designs for both code families. The resultant Differential Linear Dispersion Codes (DLDCs) demonstrate remarkable flexibility and they subsume existing DSTBC designs found in the literature. The employment of the Cayley transform provides an efficient way of constructing the unitary codewords required by the DLDCs. Finally, this thesis also investigates the combination of the linear dispersion structure with the irregular code design principle in the context of cooperative MIMO systems. After characteriz ing the fundamental link between co-located and cooperative MIMO systems, we propose twin layer Cooperative Linear Dispersion Codes (CLDCs) for the relay-aided cooperative systems. We demonstrate that the irregular design principle can be implemented to the SCC system, despite the fact that the MIMO elements are formed in a distributed fashion.

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