The University of Southampton
University of Southampton Institutional Repository

Sea ice meltwater and circumpolar deep water drive contrasting productivity in three Antarctic Polynyas

Sea ice meltwater and circumpolar deep water drive contrasting productivity in three Antarctic Polynyas
Sea ice meltwater and circumpolar deep water drive contrasting productivity in three Antarctic Polynyas
In the Southern Ocean, polynyas exhibit enhanced rates of primary productivity and represent large seasonal sinks for atmospheric CO2. Three contrasting east Antarctic polynyas were visited in late December to early January 2017: the Dalton, Mertz, and Ninnis polynyas. In the Mertz and Ninnis polynyas, phytoplankton biomass (average of 322 and 354 mg chlorophyll a (Chl a)/m2, respectively) and net community production (5.3 and 4.6 mol C/m2, respectively) were approximately 3 times those measured in the Dalton polynya (average of 122 mg Chl a/m2 and 1.8 mol C/m2). Phytoplankton communities also differed between the polynyas. Diatoms were thriving in the Mertz and Ninnis polynyas but not in the Dalton polynya, where Phaeocystis antarctica dominated. These strong regional differences were explored using physiological, biological, and physical parameters. The most likely drivers of the observed higher productivity in the Mertz and Ninnis were the relatively shallow inflow of iron-rich modified Circumpolar Deep Water onto the shelf as well as a very large sea ice meltwater contribution. The productivity contrast between the three polynyas could not be explained by (1) the input of glacial meltwater, (2) the presence of Ice Shelf Water, or (3) stratification of the mixed layer. Our results show that physical drivers regulate the productivity of polynyas, suggesting that the response of biological productivity and carbon export to future change will vary among polynyas.
polynyas, primary productivity, phytoplankton biomass, ice shelves, sea ice, iron
2169-9275
2943-2968
Moreau, S.
92e48def-950b-497d-b1c7-bd1fe5da8894
Lannuzel, D.
20a53a4c-fb9a-42b7-b7d7-c32cf83da979
Janssens, J.
5fd180c5-6428-4ea5-8047-e2d2f85316f9
Arroyo, M. C.
a7d646eb-b30b-4f69-8c5b-5d7c88cafdd3
Corkill, M.
d45fbdee-ffc6-4654-b9db-95b9aa64b92c
Cougnon, E.
5f1d5d2b-7848-405e-ba3d-8349eceaa8ff
Genovese, C.
204c1a2f-07fa-4fa4-9c42-54113f89c620
Legresy, B.
d8f1bea1-3363-4641-8fa7-0abc2230aa00
Lenton, A.
c2a268a5-83d8-43ae-97cb-f75d1b970bcc
Puigcorbe, V.
e99e2e6c-be68-4acc-a829-79c50db9e0d7
Ratnarajah, L.
f5363900-5a4d-4576-9824-0c9064d6c4a3
Rintoul, S.
80685cb2-b061-409b-a6b3-bbc2e405e5e2
Roca-Marti, M.
6f56eceb-9e7a-49a9-a8dc-d0eb990b6929
Rosenberg, M.
91b72495-e5c8-43b1-8d9b-7b9fc1f4126b
Shadwick, E. H.
91e0a75b-76c9-4aee-9c42-9e91a4af61c9
Silvano, A.
54a4322b-c52d-4179-a414-dc108c416ec9
Strutton, P. G.
8ab6c4b3-ad21-41ae-b64a-9cff50d515e5
Tilbrook, B.
b1d07766-22db-4d1f-949f-b8bbb4bfa738
Moreau, S.
92e48def-950b-497d-b1c7-bd1fe5da8894
Lannuzel, D.
20a53a4c-fb9a-42b7-b7d7-c32cf83da979
Janssens, J.
5fd180c5-6428-4ea5-8047-e2d2f85316f9
Arroyo, M. C.
a7d646eb-b30b-4f69-8c5b-5d7c88cafdd3
Corkill, M.
d45fbdee-ffc6-4654-b9db-95b9aa64b92c
Cougnon, E.
5f1d5d2b-7848-405e-ba3d-8349eceaa8ff
Genovese, C.
204c1a2f-07fa-4fa4-9c42-54113f89c620
Legresy, B.
d8f1bea1-3363-4641-8fa7-0abc2230aa00
Lenton, A.
c2a268a5-83d8-43ae-97cb-f75d1b970bcc
Puigcorbe, V.
e99e2e6c-be68-4acc-a829-79c50db9e0d7
Ratnarajah, L.
f5363900-5a4d-4576-9824-0c9064d6c4a3
Rintoul, S.
80685cb2-b061-409b-a6b3-bbc2e405e5e2
Roca-Marti, M.
6f56eceb-9e7a-49a9-a8dc-d0eb990b6929
Rosenberg, M.
91b72495-e5c8-43b1-8d9b-7b9fc1f4126b
Shadwick, E. H.
91e0a75b-76c9-4aee-9c42-9e91a4af61c9
Silvano, A.
54a4322b-c52d-4179-a414-dc108c416ec9
Strutton, P. G.
8ab6c4b3-ad21-41ae-b64a-9cff50d515e5
Tilbrook, B.
b1d07766-22db-4d1f-949f-b8bbb4bfa738

Moreau, S., Lannuzel, D., Janssens, J., Arroyo, M. C., Corkill, M., Cougnon, E., Genovese, C., Legresy, B., Lenton, A., Puigcorbe, V., Ratnarajah, L., Rintoul, S., Roca-Marti, M., Rosenberg, M., Shadwick, E. H., Silvano, A., Strutton, P. G. and Tilbrook, B. (2019) Sea ice meltwater and circumpolar deep water drive contrasting productivity in three Antarctic Polynyas. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 124 (5), 2943-2968. (doi:10.1029/2019JC015071).

Record type: Article

Abstract

In the Southern Ocean, polynyas exhibit enhanced rates of primary productivity and represent large seasonal sinks for atmospheric CO2. Three contrasting east Antarctic polynyas were visited in late December to early January 2017: the Dalton, Mertz, and Ninnis polynyas. In the Mertz and Ninnis polynyas, phytoplankton biomass (average of 322 and 354 mg chlorophyll a (Chl a)/m2, respectively) and net community production (5.3 and 4.6 mol C/m2, respectively) were approximately 3 times those measured in the Dalton polynya (average of 122 mg Chl a/m2 and 1.8 mol C/m2). Phytoplankton communities also differed between the polynyas. Diatoms were thriving in the Mertz and Ninnis polynyas but not in the Dalton polynya, where Phaeocystis antarctica dominated. These strong regional differences were explored using physiological, biological, and physical parameters. The most likely drivers of the observed higher productivity in the Mertz and Ninnis were the relatively shallow inflow of iron-rich modified Circumpolar Deep Water onto the shelf as well as a very large sea ice meltwater contribution. The productivity contrast between the three polynyas could not be explained by (1) the input of glacial meltwater, (2) the presence of Ice Shelf Water, or (3) stratification of the mixed layer. Our results show that physical drivers regulate the productivity of polynyas, suggesting that the response of biological productivity and carbon export to future change will vary among polynyas.

This record has no associated files available for download.

More information

Accepted/In Press date: 26 March 2019
Published date: 1 May 2019
Additional Information: ©2019. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
Keywords: polynyas, primary productivity, phytoplankton biomass, ice shelves, sea ice, iron

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 469731
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/469731
ISSN: 2169-9275
PURE UUID: 44d8174c-4a4b-4fd9-9e38-65a17d22c7b2
ORCID for A. Silvano: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-6441-1496

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 23 Sep 2022 16:33
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 03:59

Export record

Altmetrics

Contributors

Author: S. Moreau
Author: D. Lannuzel
Author: J. Janssens
Author: M. C. Arroyo
Author: M. Corkill
Author: E. Cougnon
Author: C. Genovese
Author: B. Legresy
Author: A. Lenton
Author: V. Puigcorbe
Author: L. Ratnarajah
Author: S. Rintoul
Author: M. Roca-Marti
Author: M. Rosenberg
Author: E. H. Shadwick
Author: A. Silvano ORCID iD
Author: P. G. Strutton
Author: B. Tilbrook

Download statistics

Downloads from ePrints over the past year. Other digital versions may also be available to download e.g. from the publisher's website.

View more statistics

Atom RSS 1.0 RSS 2.0

Contact ePrints Soton: eprints@soton.ac.uk

ePrints Soton supports OAI 2.0 with a base URL of http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/cgi/oai2

This repository has been built using EPrints software, developed at the University of Southampton, but available to everyone to use.

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue without changing your settings, we will assume that you are happy to receive cookies on the University of Southampton website.

×