Respiratory virus transmission using a novel viral challenge model: An observational cohort study
Respiratory virus transmission using a novel viral challenge model: An observational cohort study
Objectives
Knowledge of Acute Respiratory virus Infection (ARI) is limited in relation to their substantial global burden. We completed a feasibility study of a novel method to study the natural transmission of respiratory viruses from young children to adults in hospital.
Methods
Between September 2012 and May 2015, we recruited healthy adults (contacts) and paediatric inpatients with ARIs (index) presenting to the University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK. We took nose and throat swabs from all participants prior to controlled, 30 minute interactions between the children with ARIs and adult contacts. Contacts recorded symptoms and provided four nose and throat swabs over ten days post-interaction, which were tested for a panel of respiratory viruses to assess transmission.
Results
111 interactions occurred between children with ARIs and adult contacts. Respiratory viruses were detected in 103 of 111 children (93%), most commonly rhinoviruses (RVs) (67 of 103, 65%). Transmission to an adult contact occurred in 15 (14·6%) of 103 interactions and was inversely associated with the contact being male (adjusted OR 0·12; 95% CI 0·02–0·72).
Conclusion
Using a novel methodology, we found that natural transmission of ARIs occurred in 15% of an infected child's contacts following a 30 minute interaction, primarily by RVs and when the contact was female. Our model has key advantages in comparison with human challenge studies making it well-suited for further studies of respiratory virus transmission, disease pathogenesis, and clinical and public health interventions to interrupt transmission.
Challenge study, Respiratory virus, Transmission
405 - 411
Medina, Marie-Jo
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Nazareth, Joshua
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Dillon, Helen
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Wighton, Christopher
d9096d02-57c4-4909-b6df-6761555116b0
Bandi, Srini
6a2b3e30-24ce-4ff0-a04f-eebbd0a25919
Pan, Daniel
40159bcd-4a92-4504-8a99-cc10ff084b1c
Nicholson, Karl
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Clark, Tristan
712ec18e-613c-45df-a013-c8a22834e14f
Andrews, Peter
63338fc6-9374-4fbe-9646-7a74ca13c819
Pareek, Manish
da5b7bd3-a436-4a88-9cae-41d0ace8f397
October 2022
Medina, Marie-Jo
94ff72b3-be19-4127-8b7c-98f2233c4f0a
Nazareth, Joshua
020e29c0-776e-4ad5-9b3d-907104aa6277
Dillon, Helen
7dcf6d51-a19f-429e-964f-8ca0f4b2234c
Wighton, Christopher
d9096d02-57c4-4909-b6df-6761555116b0
Bandi, Srini
6a2b3e30-24ce-4ff0-a04f-eebbd0a25919
Pan, Daniel
40159bcd-4a92-4504-8a99-cc10ff084b1c
Nicholson, Karl
20aee6a6-8cbb-429b-8b2e-a8d81b2c7358
Clark, Tristan
712ec18e-613c-45df-a013-c8a22834e14f
Andrews, Peter
63338fc6-9374-4fbe-9646-7a74ca13c819
Pareek, Manish
da5b7bd3-a436-4a88-9cae-41d0ace8f397
Medina, Marie-Jo, Nazareth, Joshua, Dillon, Helen, Wighton, Christopher, Bandi, Srini, Pan, Daniel, Nicholson, Karl, Clark, Tristan, Andrews, Peter and Pareek, Manish
(2022)
Respiratory virus transmission using a novel viral challenge model: An observational cohort study.
Journal of Infection, 85 (4), .
(doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2022.08.004).
Abstract
Objectives
Knowledge of Acute Respiratory virus Infection (ARI) is limited in relation to their substantial global burden. We completed a feasibility study of a novel method to study the natural transmission of respiratory viruses from young children to adults in hospital.
Methods
Between September 2012 and May 2015, we recruited healthy adults (contacts) and paediatric inpatients with ARIs (index) presenting to the University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK. We took nose and throat swabs from all participants prior to controlled, 30 minute interactions between the children with ARIs and adult contacts. Contacts recorded symptoms and provided four nose and throat swabs over ten days post-interaction, which were tested for a panel of respiratory viruses to assess transmission.
Results
111 interactions occurred between children with ARIs and adult contacts. Respiratory viruses were detected in 103 of 111 children (93%), most commonly rhinoviruses (RVs) (67 of 103, 65%). Transmission to an adult contact occurred in 15 (14·6%) of 103 interactions and was inversely associated with the contact being male (adjusted OR 0·12; 95% CI 0·02–0·72).
Conclusion
Using a novel methodology, we found that natural transmission of ARIs occurred in 15% of an infected child's contacts following a 30 minute interaction, primarily by RVs and when the contact was female. Our model has key advantages in comparison with human challenge studies making it well-suited for further studies of respiratory virus transmission, disease pathogenesis, and clinical and public health interventions to interrupt transmission.
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tranmission study JoI 2022
- Accepted Manuscript
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More information
Accepted/In Press date: 2 August 2022
e-pub ahead of print date: 7 August 2022
Published date: October 2022
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
This work had no formal funding source. All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as supplementary information. TC declares NIHR Post-doctural fellowship, University of Southampton, NIHR anti-microbial resistance infrastructure aware, University of Southampton, Norwegian research council project grant, University of Southampton. Consulting fees from Biomerieux/ Biofire, Synairgen, Cephid, Roche, Janssen, Qiagen, Randox laboratories, Cidara therapeutics, Receipt of equipment and consumables for independent research from Biomerieux/Biofire and Qiagen. MP reports grants from Gilead and Sanofi, University of Leicester and consulting fees from Qiagen. DP is supported by a NIHR academic clinical fellowship. KGN reports that his University of Leicester miscellaneous income fund was used to purchase lab consumables. All other authors have nothing to disclose.
Funding Information:
TC declares NIHR Post-doctural fellowship, University of Southampton, NIHR anti-microbial resistance infrastructure aware, University of Southampton, Norwegian research council project grant, University of Southampton. Consulting fees from Biomerieux/ Biofire, Synairgen, Cephid, Roche, Janssen, Qiagen, Randox laboratories, Cidara therapeutics, Receipt of equipment and consumables for independent research from Biomerieux/Biofire and Qiagen. MP reports grants from Gilead and Sanofi, University of Leicester and consulting fees from Qiagen. DP is supported by a NIHR academic clinical fellowship. KGN reports that his University of Leicester miscellaneous income fund was used to purchase lab consumables. All other authors have nothing to disclose.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Author(s)
Keywords:
Challenge study, Respiratory virus, Transmission
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 469875
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/469875
ISSN: 0163-4453
PURE UUID: fa880bc1-f181-495e-8e23-7685674f8468
Catalogue record
Date deposited: 27 Sep 2022 17:10
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 03:34
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Contributors
Author:
Marie-Jo Medina
Author:
Joshua Nazareth
Author:
Helen Dillon
Author:
Christopher Wighton
Author:
Srini Bandi
Author:
Daniel Pan
Author:
Karl Nicholson
Author:
Peter Andrews
Author:
Manish Pareek
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