Embodied carbon comparison between vernacular architecture and modern techniques in Albania

Abstract

Alarming CO2 levels from rapid industrial developments, including construction, are calling on architects to find better design solutions. Today in Albania, despite the continued growth of high-rise facilities, about 83% of buildings are individual 1-2 floors dwellings with reinforced concrete and bricks, whereas 4.2% are built with adobe bricks and timber before 1945, representing an opportunity to rethink the way low-high building materials are chosen. This study investigated traditional vernacular techniques and the impact of 2-3 floors houses with local earth techniques on energy consumption and CO2 footprint compared to modern reinforced concrete systems currently in use. The energy assessment was performed using Revit 2019 with the integration of Insight and H\B:ERT. The traditional model not only had an annual operational energy consumption of 8% lower than RC construction but it also had a CO2 footprint almost 50% lower than the technique most used for construction in Albania.

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