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Electron tomography analysis of the prolamellar body and its transformation into grana thylakoids in the cryofixed Arabidopsis cotyledons

Electron tomography analysis of the prolamellar body and its transformation into grana thylakoids in the cryofixed Arabidopsis cotyledons
Electron tomography analysis of the prolamellar body and its transformation into grana thylakoids in the cryofixed Arabidopsis cotyledons
The para-crystalline structures of prolamellar bodies (PLBs) and light-induced etioplast-to-chloroplast transformation have been investigated via electron microscopy. However, such studies suffer from chemical fixation artifacts and limited volumes of 3D reconstruction. Here, we examined Arabidopsis thaliana cotyledon cells by electron tomography (ET) to visualize etioplasts and their conversion into chloroplasts. We employed scanning transmission ET to image large volumes and high-pressure freezing to improve sample preservation. PLB tubules were arranged in a zinc blende-type lattice-like carbon atoms in diamonds. Within 2 h after illumination, the lattice collapsed from the PLB exterior and the disorganized tubules merged to form thylakoid sheets (pre-granal thylakoids), which folded and overlapped with each other to create grana stacks. Since the nascent pre-granal thylakoids contained curved membranes in their tips, we examined the expression and localization of CURT1 (CURVATURE THYLAKOID1) proteins. CURT1A transcripts were most abundant in de-etiolating cotyledon samples, and CURT1A was concentrated at the PLB periphery. In curt1a etioplasts, PLB-associated thylakoids were swollen and failed to form grana stacks. In contrast, PLBs had cracks in their lattices in curt1c etioplasts. Our data provide evidence that CURT1A is required for pre-granal thylakoid assembly from PLB tubules during de-etiolation, while CURT1C contributes to cubic crystal growth in the dark.
1040-4651
3830-3843
Liang, Zizhen
fe6700b1-6674-42b3-a14c-d582d76b94bb
Yeung, Wai-Tsun
2f2aa99b-4674-409c-abd6-7381a3e56d95
Ma, Juncai
82a67150-081e-4a13-b66b-3d7963df5e30
Mai, Keith Ka Ki
6476000e-7848-4572-be40-41c4821f448f
Liu, Zhongyuan
f48ec82e-1cca-4866-9d07-0aa5da29d525
Chong, Yau-Lun Felix
847552cb-a244-4c22-a348-e48162a7a95b
Cai, Xiaohao
de483445-45e9-4b21-a4e8-b0427fc72cee
Kang, Byung-Ho
edffb988-b62b-4b47-99b7-523ff5630895
Liang, Zizhen
fe6700b1-6674-42b3-a14c-d582d76b94bb
Yeung, Wai-Tsun
2f2aa99b-4674-409c-abd6-7381a3e56d95
Ma, Juncai
82a67150-081e-4a13-b66b-3d7963df5e30
Mai, Keith Ka Ki
6476000e-7848-4572-be40-41c4821f448f
Liu, Zhongyuan
f48ec82e-1cca-4866-9d07-0aa5da29d525
Chong, Yau-Lun Felix
847552cb-a244-4c22-a348-e48162a7a95b
Cai, Xiaohao
de483445-45e9-4b21-a4e8-b0427fc72cee
Kang, Byung-Ho
edffb988-b62b-4b47-99b7-523ff5630895

Liang, Zizhen, Yeung, Wai-Tsun, Ma, Juncai, Mai, Keith Ka Ki, Liu, Zhongyuan, Chong, Yau-Lun Felix, Cai, Xiaohao and Kang, Byung-Ho (2022) Electron tomography analysis of the prolamellar body and its transformation into grana thylakoids in the cryofixed Arabidopsis cotyledons. The Plant Cell, 34 (10), 3830-3843. (doi:10.1101/2022.04.04.487035).

Record type: Article

Abstract

The para-crystalline structures of prolamellar bodies (PLBs) and light-induced etioplast-to-chloroplast transformation have been investigated via electron microscopy. However, such studies suffer from chemical fixation artifacts and limited volumes of 3D reconstruction. Here, we examined Arabidopsis thaliana cotyledon cells by electron tomography (ET) to visualize etioplasts and their conversion into chloroplasts. We employed scanning transmission ET to image large volumes and high-pressure freezing to improve sample preservation. PLB tubules were arranged in a zinc blende-type lattice-like carbon atoms in diamonds. Within 2 h after illumination, the lattice collapsed from the PLB exterior and the disorganized tubules merged to form thylakoid sheets (pre-granal thylakoids), which folded and overlapped with each other to create grana stacks. Since the nascent pre-granal thylakoids contained curved membranes in their tips, we examined the expression and localization of CURT1 (CURVATURE THYLAKOID1) proteins. CURT1A transcripts were most abundant in de-etiolating cotyledon samples, and CURT1A was concentrated at the PLB periphery. In curt1a etioplasts, PLB-associated thylakoids were swollen and failed to form grana stacks. In contrast, PLBs had cracks in their lattices in curt1c etioplasts. Our data provide evidence that CURT1A is required for pre-granal thylakoid assembly from PLB tubules during de-etiolation, while CURT1C contributes to cubic crystal growth in the dark.

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2022.04.04.487035v1.full - Accepted Manuscript
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Accepted/In Press date: 5 July 2022
e-pub ahead of print date: 25 July 2022
Published date: 25 July 2022

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Local EPrints ID: 471549
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/471549
ISSN: 1040-4651
PURE UUID: 71ae74f3-3033-4ebc-bf49-68744b7930aa
ORCID for Xiaohao Cai: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-0924-2834

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Date deposited: 10 Nov 2022 17:43
Last modified: 12 Jul 2024 02:06

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Contributors

Author: Zizhen Liang
Author: Wai-Tsun Yeung
Author: Juncai Ma
Author: Keith Ka Ki Mai
Author: Zhongyuan Liu
Author: Yau-Lun Felix Chong
Author: Xiaohao Cai ORCID iD
Author: Byung-Ho Kang

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