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Thermo-optic tuning of silicon nitride microring resonators with low loss non-volatile Sb2S3 phase change material

Thermo-optic tuning of silicon nitride microring resonators with low loss non-volatile Sb2S3 phase change material
Thermo-optic tuning of silicon nitride microring resonators with low loss non-volatile Sb2S3 phase change material

A new family of phase change material based on antimony has recently been explored for applications in near-IR tunable photonics due to its wide bandgap, manifested as broadband transparency from visible to NIR wavelengths. Here, we characterize Sb 2S 3 optically and demonstrate the integration of this phase change material in a silicon nitride platform using a microring resonator that can be thermally tuned using the amorphous and crystalline states of the phase change material, achieving extinction ratios of up to 18 dB in the C-band. We extract the thermo-optic coefficient of the amorphous and crystalline states of the Sb 2S 3 to be 3.4 x 10 - 4K - 1 and 0.1 x 10 - 4K - 1, respectively. Additionally, we detail the first observation of bi-directional shifting for permanent trimming of a non-volatile switch using continuous wave (CW) laser exposure (- 5.9 to 5.1 dBm) with a modulation in effective refractive index ranging from +5.23 x 10 - 5 to - 1.20 x 10 - 4. This work experimentally verifies optical phase modifications and permanent trimming of Sb 2S 3, enabling potential applications such as optically controlled memories and weights for neuromorphic architecture and high density switch matrix using a multi-layer PECVD based photonic integrated circuit.

Ring resonators, Silicon Photonics, Silicon nitride, optical tuning, phase change materials
2045-2322
Ilie, Stefan Tudor
9ff80b2a-1998-41dd-9eed-7b010cbbf3a9
Faneca, Joaquin
03751f71-8e60-4d95-849b-a6f03b2e4051
Zeimpekis, Ioannis
a2c354ec-3891-497c-adac-89b3a5d96af0
Domínguez Bucio‬, Thalía
83b57799-c566-473c-9b53-92e9c50b4287
Grabska, Katarzyna M.
b8a061e3-7774-4b33-be83-74e1a0aec31a
Hewak, Daniel W.
87c80070-c101-4f7a-914f-4cc3131e3db0
Chong, Harold
795aa67f-29e5-480f-b1bc-9bd5c0d558e1
Gardes, Frederic
7a49fc6d-dade-4099-b016-c60737cb5bb2
Ilie, Stefan Tudor
9ff80b2a-1998-41dd-9eed-7b010cbbf3a9
Faneca, Joaquin
03751f71-8e60-4d95-849b-a6f03b2e4051
Zeimpekis, Ioannis
a2c354ec-3891-497c-adac-89b3a5d96af0
Domínguez Bucio‬, Thalía
83b57799-c566-473c-9b53-92e9c50b4287
Grabska, Katarzyna M.
b8a061e3-7774-4b33-be83-74e1a0aec31a
Hewak, Daniel W.
87c80070-c101-4f7a-914f-4cc3131e3db0
Chong, Harold
795aa67f-29e5-480f-b1bc-9bd5c0d558e1
Gardes, Frederic
7a49fc6d-dade-4099-b016-c60737cb5bb2

Ilie, Stefan Tudor, Faneca, Joaquin, Zeimpekis, Ioannis, Domínguez Bucio‬, Thalía, Grabska, Katarzyna M., Hewak, Daniel W., Chong, Harold and Gardes, Frederic (2022) Thermo-optic tuning of silicon nitride microring resonators with low loss non-volatile Sb2S3 phase change material. Scientific Reports, 12 (1), [17815]. (doi:10.1038/s41598-022-21590-w).

Record type: Article

Abstract

A new family of phase change material based on antimony has recently been explored for applications in near-IR tunable photonics due to its wide bandgap, manifested as broadband transparency from visible to NIR wavelengths. Here, we characterize Sb 2S 3 optically and demonstrate the integration of this phase change material in a silicon nitride platform using a microring resonator that can be thermally tuned using the amorphous and crystalline states of the phase change material, achieving extinction ratios of up to 18 dB in the C-band. We extract the thermo-optic coefficient of the amorphous and crystalline states of the Sb 2S 3 to be 3.4 x 10 - 4K - 1 and 0.1 x 10 - 4K - 1, respectively. Additionally, we detail the first observation of bi-directional shifting for permanent trimming of a non-volatile switch using continuous wave (CW) laser exposure (- 5.9 to 5.1 dBm) with a modulation in effective refractive index ranging from +5.23 x 10 - 5 to - 1.20 x 10 - 4. This work experimentally verifies optical phase modifications and permanent trimming of Sb 2S 3, enabling potential applications such as optically controlled memories and weights for neuromorphic architecture and high density switch matrix using a multi-layer PECVD based photonic integrated circuit.

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Accepted/In Press date: 29 September 2022
Published date: 24 October 2022
Additional Information: Funding Information: The authors acknowledge the financial support from Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) - (EP/M015130/1, EP/R003076/1, EP/R513325/1, EP/N013247/1); H2020 ICT-PLASMONIAC; Agencia Estatal de Investigación and NextGenerationEU/PRTR (FJC2020-042823-I). Stefan-Tudor Ilie would like to thank ORC (Optoelectronics Research Center) for the support in pursing postgraduate studies. The fabrication was carried out at the Southampton Nanofabrication Centre, University of Southampton, UK. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).
Keywords: Ring resonators, Silicon Photonics, Silicon nitride, optical tuning, phase change materials

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 471773
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/471773
ISSN: 2045-2322
PURE UUID: a70d7c65-4ef1-4bbe-9d69-0a880adae478
ORCID for Ioannis Zeimpekis: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-7455-1599
ORCID for Thalía Domínguez Bucio‬: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-3664-1403
ORCID for Daniel W. Hewak: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-2093-5773
ORCID for Harold Chong: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-7110-5761
ORCID for Frederic Gardes: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-1400-3272

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Date deposited: 18 Nov 2022 17:30
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 03:52

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Contributors

Author: Stefan Tudor Ilie
Author: Joaquin Faneca
Author: Katarzyna M. Grabska
Author: Daniel W. Hewak ORCID iD
Author: Harold Chong ORCID iD
Author: Frederic Gardes ORCID iD

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