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Molecular insights into antibody-mediated protection against the prototypic simian immunodeficiency virus

Molecular insights into antibody-mediated protection against the prototypic simian immunodeficiency virus
Molecular insights into antibody-mediated protection against the prototypic simian immunodeficiency virus

SIVmac239 infection of macaques is a favored model of human HIV infection. However, the SIVmac239 envelope (Env) trimer structure, glycan occupancy, and the targets and ability of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) to protect against SIVmac239 remain unknown. Here, we report the isolation of SIVmac239 nAbs that recognize a glycan hole and the V1/V4 loop. A high-resolution structure of a SIVmac239 Env trimer-nAb complex shows many similarities to HIV and SIVcpz Envs, but with distinct V4 features and an extended V1 loop. Moreover, SIVmac239 Env has a higher glycan shield density than HIV Env that may contribute to poor or delayed nAb responses in SIVmac239-infected macaques. Passive transfer of a nAb protects macaques from repeated intravenous SIVmac239 challenge at serum titers comparable to those described for protection of humans against HIV infection. Our results provide structural insights for vaccine design and shed light on antibody-mediated protection in the SIV model.

Animals, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibodies, Viral, HIV Infections/prevention & control, Humans, Macaca mulatta, Polysaccharides, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
2041-1723
Zhao, Fangzhu
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Berndsen, Zachary T.
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Pedreño-Lopez, Nuria
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Burns, Alison
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Allen, Joel D.
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Barman, Shawn
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Lee, Wen-Hsin
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Chakraborty, Srirupa
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Gnanakaran, Sandrasegaram
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Sewall, Leigh M.
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Ozorowski, Gabriel
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Limbo, Oliver
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Song, Ge
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Yong, Peter
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Callaghan, Sean
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Coppola, Jessica
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Weisgrau, Kim L
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Lifson, Jeffrey D.
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Nedellec, Rebecca
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Voigt, Thomas B.
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Laurino, Fernanda
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Louw, Johan
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Rosen, Brandon C.
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Ricciardi, Michael
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Crispin, Max
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Desrosiers, Ronald C.
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Rakasz, Eva G.
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Watkins, David I.
b50291ca-de9d-4ae0-9149-23e2bea7ee82
Andrabi, Raiees
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Ward, Andrew B
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Burton, Dennis R.
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Sok, Devin
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Zhao, Fangzhu
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Berndsen, Zachary T.
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Pedreño-Lopez, Nuria
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Burns, Alison
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Allen, Joel D.
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Barman, Shawn
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Lee, Wen-Hsin
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Chakraborty, Srirupa
553bb00b-8671-45ec-b195-50c87f931828
Gnanakaran, Sandrasegaram
ead2f74d-a067-4e5e-ab16-bde29dc69ed2
Sewall, Leigh M.
ec41ca03-41cd-4697-a7b4-c8928f0ed0fb
Ozorowski, Gabriel
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Limbo, Oliver
9dd4a670-2627-4e81-95da-d7122a9da890
Song, Ge
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Yong, Peter
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Callaghan, Sean
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Coppola, Jessica
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Weisgrau, Kim L
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Lifson, Jeffrey D.
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Nedellec, Rebecca
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Voigt, Thomas B.
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Laurino, Fernanda
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Louw, Johan
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Rosen, Brandon C.
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Ricciardi, Michael
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Crispin, Max
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Desrosiers, Ronald C.
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Rakasz, Eva G.
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Watkins, David I.
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Andrabi, Raiees
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Ward, Andrew B
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Burton, Dennis R.
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Sok, Devin
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Zhao, Fangzhu, Berndsen, Zachary T., Pedreño-Lopez, Nuria, Burns, Alison, Allen, Joel D., Barman, Shawn, Lee, Wen-Hsin, Chakraborty, Srirupa, Gnanakaran, Sandrasegaram, Sewall, Leigh M., Ozorowski, Gabriel, Limbo, Oliver, Song, Ge, Yong, Peter, Callaghan, Sean, Coppola, Jessica, Weisgrau, Kim L, Lifson, Jeffrey D., Nedellec, Rebecca, Voigt, Thomas B., Laurino, Fernanda, Louw, Johan, Rosen, Brandon C., Ricciardi, Michael, Crispin, Max, Desrosiers, Ronald C., Rakasz, Eva G., Watkins, David I., Andrabi, Raiees, Ward, Andrew B, Burton, Dennis R. and Sok, Devin (2022) Molecular insights into antibody-mediated protection against the prototypic simian immunodeficiency virus. Nature Communications, 13 (1), [5236]. (doi:10.1038/s41467-022-32783-2).

Record type: Article

Abstract

SIVmac239 infection of macaques is a favored model of human HIV infection. However, the SIVmac239 envelope (Env) trimer structure, glycan occupancy, and the targets and ability of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) to protect against SIVmac239 remain unknown. Here, we report the isolation of SIVmac239 nAbs that recognize a glycan hole and the V1/V4 loop. A high-resolution structure of a SIVmac239 Env trimer-nAb complex shows many similarities to HIV and SIVcpz Envs, but with distinct V4 features and an extended V1 loop. Moreover, SIVmac239 Env has a higher glycan shield density than HIV Env that may contribute to poor or delayed nAb responses in SIVmac239-infected macaques. Passive transfer of a nAb protects macaques from repeated intravenous SIVmac239 challenge at serum titers comparable to those described for protection of humans against HIV infection. Our results provide structural insights for vaccine design and shed light on antibody-mediated protection in the SIV model.

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Accepted/In Press date: 16 August 2022
Published date: 6 September 2022
Additional Information: Funding Information: We thank Rosemarie Mason and Mario Roederer at NIH, David Montefiori at Duke University, and Cynthia Derdeyn at Emory University for providing the SIV pseudovirus envelope plasmids. We thank Louis Picker at Oregon Health & Science University for providing the non-neutralizing SIVmac239-infected macaque plasma samples. We thank Matthias Pauthner for testing the plasma nAb titers from previous infected rhesus samples and the staff of the Quantitative Molecular Diagnostics Core of the AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for technical assistance with viral load measurements. This work is supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD; UM1AI144462) (M.C., A.B.W., D.R.B., and D.S.), the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (INV-008352/OPP1153692 and OPP1196345/INV-008813) (D.S., D.R.B., A.B.W., and R.A.), and the NIH R61 AI161818 (R.A.); in part by NIH Grant R61 AI161818 (R.A.), NIH RO1 AI 52056-20 (D.I.W.), and Federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, under Contract Nos. HHSN261201500003I and 75N91019D00024 (J.D.L.). This work is also supported in part by the Office of The Director, National Institutes of Health under Award Number P51OD011106 to the Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison. This research was conducted in part at a facility constructed with support from Research Facilities Improvement Program grant numbers RR15459-01 and RR020141-01. Funding Information: We thank Rosemarie Mason and Mario Roederer at NIH, David Montefiori at Duke University, and Cynthia Derdeyn at Emory University for providing the SIV pseudovirus envelope plasmids. We thank Louis Picker at Oregon Health & Science University for providing the non-neutralizing SIVmac239-infected macaque plasma samples. We thank Matthias Pauthner for testing the plasma nAb titers from previous infected rhesus samples and the staff of the Quantitative Molecular Diagnostics Core of the AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for technical assistance with viral load measurements. This work is supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD; UM1AI144462) (M.C., A.B.W., D.R.B., and D.S.), the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (INV-008352/OPP1153692 and OPP1196345/INV-008813) (D.S., D.R.B., A.B.W., and R.A.), and the NIH R61 AI161818 (R.A.); in part by NIH Grant R61 AI161818 (R.A.), NIH RO1 AI 52056-20 (D.I.W.), and Federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, under Contract Nos. HHSN261201500003I and 75N91019D00024 (J.D.L.). This work is also supported in part by the Office of The Director, National Institutes of Health under Award Number P51OD011106 to the Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison. This research was conducted in part at a facility constructed with support from Research Facilities Improvement Program grant numbers RR15459-01 and RR020141-01. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).
Keywords: Animals, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibodies, Viral, HIV Infections/prevention & control, Humans, Macaca mulatta, Polysaccharides, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 472334
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/472334
ISSN: 2041-1723
PURE UUID: 5c1e112c-e37d-40b6-84fe-f827c9096221
ORCID for Joel D. Allen: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-2547-968X
ORCID for Max Crispin: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-1072-2694

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 01 Dec 2022 17:43
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 04:09

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Contributors

Author: Fangzhu Zhao
Author: Zachary T. Berndsen
Author: Nuria Pedreño-Lopez
Author: Alison Burns
Author: Joel D. Allen ORCID iD
Author: Shawn Barman
Author: Wen-Hsin Lee
Author: Srirupa Chakraborty
Author: Sandrasegaram Gnanakaran
Author: Leigh M. Sewall
Author: Gabriel Ozorowski
Author: Oliver Limbo
Author: Ge Song
Author: Peter Yong
Author: Sean Callaghan
Author: Jessica Coppola
Author: Kim L Weisgrau
Author: Jeffrey D. Lifson
Author: Rebecca Nedellec
Author: Thomas B. Voigt
Author: Fernanda Laurino
Author: Johan Louw
Author: Brandon C. Rosen
Author: Michael Ricciardi
Author: Max Crispin ORCID iD
Author: Ronald C. Desrosiers
Author: Eva G. Rakasz
Author: David I. Watkins
Author: Raiees Andrabi
Author: Andrew B Ward
Author: Dennis R. Burton
Author: Devin Sok

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