Memory impairment and its associated risk and protective factors among older adults in Indonesia
Memory impairment and its associated risk and protective factors among older adults in Indonesia
Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the association between memory impairment and its risk and protective factors, focusing on demographic and health-related variables among older adults in Indonesia. Method: The data analyzed were the Indonesian Family Life Survey-5 (IFLS-5) using cross-sectional variables of 4236 older adults aged 60 years and over included in the 2015 round. Memory impairment was assessed by immediate word list recall from the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS). Sociodemographic factors and multiple health variables were included as predictors. Data were analyzed using frequency analyses bivariate and stepwise logistic regression tests.
Result: Among 4236 older adults, 49.7% were male and 50.3% were female. Stepwise backward analyses showed that memory impairment was independently associated with older age, being female, or not in a union (unmarried, separated, divorced, or widowed), having obtained low levels of education, living in a rural area, reporting low life satisfaction, low social capital, higher dependency, and having clinical depression. Only moderate (but not high or low) physical activity levels were associated with a lower risk. Being underweight increased the risk, but being overweight/obese (as assessed by BMI) protective factors for a lower immediate recall score. Conclusion: Increasing education and continued engagement of older adults in psychosocial activities, including moderate physical activity, improving mental health, preventing weight loss, and maintaining functional ability to decrease dependency, are associated with increased episodic memory, especially in non-married and older women in rural areas of Indonesia.
Memory impairment, immediate episodic recall, older adults, risk factors
1-14
Handajani, Yvonne Suzy
ce79656a-4c33-4d30-a1d1-cd96b90a21aa
Hogervorst, Eef
d3cb1ae1-86b7-47d4-84b2-d124fddb0c30
Schröder-butterfill, Elisabeth
b10e106a-4d5d-4f41-a7d2-9549ba425711
Turana, Yuda
293428e7-5414-49fe-8ae4-5941630330ae
Hengky, Antoninus
44fcbb3d-968d-46aa-8214-4d67b2a120ef
1 March 2023
Handajani, Yvonne Suzy
ce79656a-4c33-4d30-a1d1-cd96b90a21aa
Hogervorst, Eef
d3cb1ae1-86b7-47d4-84b2-d124fddb0c30
Schröder-butterfill, Elisabeth
b10e106a-4d5d-4f41-a7d2-9549ba425711
Turana, Yuda
293428e7-5414-49fe-8ae4-5941630330ae
Hengky, Antoninus
44fcbb3d-968d-46aa-8214-4d67b2a120ef
Handajani, Yvonne Suzy, Hogervorst, Eef, Schröder-butterfill, Elisabeth, Turana, Yuda and Hengky, Antoninus
(2023)
Memory impairment and its associated risk and protective factors among older adults in Indonesia.
International Journal of Neuroscience, .
(doi:10.1080/00207454.2023.2183788).
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the association between memory impairment and its risk and protective factors, focusing on demographic and health-related variables among older adults in Indonesia. Method: The data analyzed were the Indonesian Family Life Survey-5 (IFLS-5) using cross-sectional variables of 4236 older adults aged 60 years and over included in the 2015 round. Memory impairment was assessed by immediate word list recall from the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS). Sociodemographic factors and multiple health variables were included as predictors. Data were analyzed using frequency analyses bivariate and stepwise logistic regression tests.
Result: Among 4236 older adults, 49.7% were male and 50.3% were female. Stepwise backward analyses showed that memory impairment was independently associated with older age, being female, or not in a union (unmarried, separated, divorced, or widowed), having obtained low levels of education, living in a rural area, reporting low life satisfaction, low social capital, higher dependency, and having clinical depression. Only moderate (but not high or low) physical activity levels were associated with a lower risk. Being underweight increased the risk, but being overweight/obese (as assessed by BMI) protective factors for a lower immediate recall score. Conclusion: Increasing education and continued engagement of older adults in psychosocial activities, including moderate physical activity, improving mental health, preventing weight loss, and maintaining functional ability to decrease dependency, are associated with increased episodic memory, especially in non-married and older women in rural areas of Indonesia.
Text
Accepted manuscript_Memory impairment and its associated risk and protective factors among older adults in Indonesia
- Accepted Manuscript
More information
Accepted/In Press date: 19 February 2023
e-pub ahead of print date: 1 March 2023
Published date: 1 March 2023
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
We gratefully acknowledge RAND for giving us access to the IFLS-5 data ( https://www.rand.org/well-being/social-and-behavioral-policy/data/FLS/IFLS.html ) and the financial support of this research by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC), UK, via its research project funding for Care Networks in Indonesia (Project ES/S013407/1).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Keywords:
Memory impairment, immediate episodic recall, older adults, risk factors
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 474568
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/474568
ISSN: 0020-7454
PURE UUID: ef90d2e6-4ca4-40db-a30e-ae1d8115a4a5
Catalogue record
Date deposited: 27 Feb 2023 17:34
Last modified: 06 Jun 2024 04:13
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Contributors
Author:
Yvonne Suzy Handajani
Author:
Eef Hogervorst
Author:
Yuda Turana
Author:
Antoninus Hengky
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