Psychometric properties of the Mindsets of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (MDASS) in Chinese young adults and adolescents
Psychometric properties of the Mindsets of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (MDASS) in Chinese young adults and adolescents
Aim: Mindset has been found to be closely related to mental health symptoms. Yet no scale for the Mindsets of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress (MDASS) has been validated. This study developed a 12-item MDASS with four items in each domain and examined its psychometric properties among young adults and adolescents.
Methods: Young adults (Study 1: N = 1735, aged 18–25) and adolescents (Study 2, N = 1648, aged 9–16) completed socio-demographics information, MDASS (unidirectional items in Study 1 and bi-directional items in Study 2), and mental health symptoms measures. Both samples were randomly divided into two equal sub-samples, one for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to identify the factor structure, the other for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess the goodness-of-fit of EFA models. Spearman correlations were used to assess the convergent validity of MDASS with measures of depression, anxiety, and stress. Results: In Study 1, EFA yielded a three-factor model with underlying factors of fixed mindsets on depression, anxiety, and stress; CFA revealed a good goodness-of-fit (CFI and TFI >0.95; RMSEA and SRMR <0.08). In Study 2 with reversed items, EFA and CFA yielded a complex model structure. Fixed mindsets were positively correlated with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms (all absolute correlations >0.3) in both studies.
Conclusion: MDASS is a reliable scale with clear factor structure to measure mindsets of negative emotions among early adults. MDASS is suggested to use only fixed-mindset statements. The MDASS are highly associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress.
fixed mindset, growth mindset, implicit theory, mental health, validation
380-392
Zhu, Shimin
205d00dd-aa85-465b-b90b-b870a95fcf1d
Zhuang, Yanqiong
8eafb4b9-cabc-44ea-bfb8-3a1aa6e1af78
Lee, Paul
02620eab-ae7f-4a1c-bad1-8a50e7e48951
2 April 2022
Zhu, Shimin
205d00dd-aa85-465b-b90b-b870a95fcf1d
Zhuang, Yanqiong
8eafb4b9-cabc-44ea-bfb8-3a1aa6e1af78
Lee, Paul
02620eab-ae7f-4a1c-bad1-8a50e7e48951
Zhu, Shimin, Zhuang, Yanqiong and Lee, Paul
(2022)
Psychometric properties of the Mindsets of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (MDASS) in Chinese young adults and adolescents.
Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 16 (4), .
(doi:10.1111/eip.13177).
Abstract
Aim: Mindset has been found to be closely related to mental health symptoms. Yet no scale for the Mindsets of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress (MDASS) has been validated. This study developed a 12-item MDASS with four items in each domain and examined its psychometric properties among young adults and adolescents.
Methods: Young adults (Study 1: N = 1735, aged 18–25) and adolescents (Study 2, N = 1648, aged 9–16) completed socio-demographics information, MDASS (unidirectional items in Study 1 and bi-directional items in Study 2), and mental health symptoms measures. Both samples were randomly divided into two equal sub-samples, one for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to identify the factor structure, the other for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess the goodness-of-fit of EFA models. Spearman correlations were used to assess the convergent validity of MDASS with measures of depression, anxiety, and stress. Results: In Study 1, EFA yielded a three-factor model with underlying factors of fixed mindsets on depression, anxiety, and stress; CFA revealed a good goodness-of-fit (CFI and TFI >0.95; RMSEA and SRMR <0.08). In Study 2 with reversed items, EFA and CFA yielded a complex model structure. Fixed mindsets were positively correlated with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms (all absolute correlations >0.3) in both studies.
Conclusion: MDASS is a reliable scale with clear factor structure to measure mindsets of negative emotions among early adults. MDASS is suggested to use only fixed-mindset statements. The MDASS are highly associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress.
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Accepted/In Press date: 5 May 2021
Published date: 2 April 2022
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
This work was supported by an Early Career Scheme Fund awarded to SZ from the Hong Kong Research Grant Council (Ref:25605418) Funding information
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.
Keywords:
fixed mindset, growth mindset, implicit theory, mental health, validation
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 474968
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/474968
ISSN: 1751-7885
PURE UUID: d6e33bbb-5589-438d-a369-b7c32188a14b
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Date deposited: 07 Mar 2023 17:50
Last modified: 18 Mar 2024 04:08
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Author:
Shimin Zhu
Author:
Yanqiong Zhuang
Author:
Paul Lee
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