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Structure and validity of family harmony scale: an instrument for measuring harmony

Structure and validity of family harmony scale: an instrument for measuring harmony
Structure and validity of family harmony scale: an instrument for measuring harmony
Culture plays a role in mental health, partly by defining the characteristics that are indicative of positive adjustment. In Chinese cultures, positive family relationships are considered central to well-being. The culturally emphasized characteristic of family harmony may be an important factor associated with psychopathology. This article presents the development and psychometric examination of the Family Harmony Scale (FHS), an indigenously developed 24-item instrument tapping family harmony in 17,461 Hong Kong residents from 7,791 households. A higher-order model with 1 second-order factor and 5 first-order factors fit the data well and showed factorial invariance across sex and participants in different family roles. A 5-item short form (FHS-5) was also developed, with 1 item from each first-order factor. The short scale showed, as expected, a single-factor structure with good fit. Both scales demonstrated high internal consistency, acceptable test-retest reliability, and good convergent and discriminant validity. The 24-item FHS was negatively associated with depressive symptoms after accounting for individual risk factors and general family function. Family harmony moderated the relationship between life stress and depressive symptoms such that those individuals who reported low family harmony had stronger associations between life stress and depressive symptoms. This study adds to the literature a systematically developed, multidimensional measure of family harmony, which may be an important psychological protective factor, in a large urban Chinese sample. The FHS-5 minimizes operational and respondent burdens, making it an attractive tool for large-scale epidemiological studies with Chinese populations in urban settings, where over half of China's 1.4 billion people reside.
China, Depressive symptoms, Family harmony
1040-3590
307-318
Kavikondala, Sushma
8dd9b275-0cf1-4ced-bee3-ec4a9174e514
Stewart, Sunita M.
0a7cdd7b-a005-43fa-9b62-f648894630fe
Ni, Michael Y.
d4ede6a1-1996-4b38-801a-e7af166d5556
Chan, Brandford H.Y.
d28afceb-da03-4d13-a414-a7d532396195
Lee, Paul H.
02620eab-ae7f-4a1c-bad1-8a50e7e48951
Li, Kin Kit
93b6c4b0-b6fc-406a-a6d9-bad5922817f0
McDowell, Ian
d45606ed-356e-4ab0-9611-a106f332959e
Johnston, Janice M.
fc09bc03-5ab9-4d67-a3d8-df40769c6eb9
Chan, Sophia S.
b53e6885-5607-441c-aa7b-a0e590341e8a
Lam, T. H.
1543fdd3-13ce-411b-8dac-d84cda48773e
Lam, Wendy W.T.
592ca5c1-aa8e-43d4-9dbb-362c055c1476
Fielding, Richard
58ac5dfc-56a3-402c-b0c3-adf22b14c580
Leung, Gabriel M.
05520107-4b1b-4adf-a291-20f4d8941219
et al.
Kavikondala, Sushma
8dd9b275-0cf1-4ced-bee3-ec4a9174e514
Stewart, Sunita M.
0a7cdd7b-a005-43fa-9b62-f648894630fe
Ni, Michael Y.
d4ede6a1-1996-4b38-801a-e7af166d5556
Chan, Brandford H.Y.
d28afceb-da03-4d13-a414-a7d532396195
Lee, Paul H.
02620eab-ae7f-4a1c-bad1-8a50e7e48951
Li, Kin Kit
93b6c4b0-b6fc-406a-a6d9-bad5922817f0
McDowell, Ian
d45606ed-356e-4ab0-9611-a106f332959e
Johnston, Janice M.
fc09bc03-5ab9-4d67-a3d8-df40769c6eb9
Chan, Sophia S.
b53e6885-5607-441c-aa7b-a0e590341e8a
Lam, T. H.
1543fdd3-13ce-411b-8dac-d84cda48773e
Lam, Wendy W.T.
592ca5c1-aa8e-43d4-9dbb-362c055c1476
Fielding, Richard
58ac5dfc-56a3-402c-b0c3-adf22b14c580
Leung, Gabriel M.
05520107-4b1b-4adf-a291-20f4d8941219

Kavikondala, Sushma, Stewart, Sunita M., Ni, Michael Y. and Lee, Paul H. , et al. (2016) Structure and validity of family harmony scale: an instrument for measuring harmony. Psychological Assessment, 28 (3), 307-318. (doi:10.1037/pas0000131).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Culture plays a role in mental health, partly by defining the characteristics that are indicative of positive adjustment. In Chinese cultures, positive family relationships are considered central to well-being. The culturally emphasized characteristic of family harmony may be an important factor associated with psychopathology. This article presents the development and psychometric examination of the Family Harmony Scale (FHS), an indigenously developed 24-item instrument tapping family harmony in 17,461 Hong Kong residents from 7,791 households. A higher-order model with 1 second-order factor and 5 first-order factors fit the data well and showed factorial invariance across sex and participants in different family roles. A 5-item short form (FHS-5) was also developed, with 1 item from each first-order factor. The short scale showed, as expected, a single-factor structure with good fit. Both scales demonstrated high internal consistency, acceptable test-retest reliability, and good convergent and discriminant validity. The 24-item FHS was negatively associated with depressive symptoms after accounting for individual risk factors and general family function. Family harmony moderated the relationship between life stress and depressive symptoms such that those individuals who reported low family harmony had stronger associations between life stress and depressive symptoms. This study adds to the literature a systematically developed, multidimensional measure of family harmony, which may be an important psychological protective factor, in a large urban Chinese sample. The FHS-5 minimizes operational and respondent burdens, making it an attractive tool for large-scale epidemiological studies with Chinese populations in urban settings, where over half of China's 1.4 billion people reside.

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More information

Published date: 1 March 2016
Additional Information: Publisher Copyright: © 2015 American Psychological Association.
Keywords: China, Depressive symptoms, Family harmony

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Local EPrints ID: 475169
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/475169
ISSN: 1040-3590
PURE UUID: 18a258d2-6c8f-4a34-8a76-3da3367fb781
ORCID for Paul H. Lee: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-5729-6450

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Date deposited: 10 Mar 2023 17:59
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 04:16

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Contributors

Author: Sushma Kavikondala
Author: Sunita M. Stewart
Author: Michael Y. Ni
Author: Brandford H.Y. Chan
Author: Paul H. Lee ORCID iD
Author: Kin Kit Li
Author: Ian McDowell
Author: Janice M. Johnston
Author: Sophia S. Chan
Author: T. H. Lam
Author: Wendy W.T. Lam
Author: Richard Fielding
Author: Gabriel M. Leung
Corporate Author: et al.

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