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The burden of mental disorders, substance use disorders and self-harm among young people in Europe, 1990–2019: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

The burden of mental disorders, substance use disorders and self-harm among young people in Europe, 1990–2019: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
The burden of mental disorders, substance use disorders and self-harm among young people in Europe, 1990–2019: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Background: Mental health is a public health issue for European young people, with great heterogeneity in resource allocation. Representative population-based studies are needed. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019 provides internationally comparable information on trends in the health status of populations and changes in the leading causes of disease burden over time. Methods: Prevalence, incidence, Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) and Years of Life Lost (YLLs) from mental disorders (MDs), substance use disorders (SUDs) and self-harm were estimated for young people aged 10-24 years in 31 European countries. Rates per 100,000 population, percentage changes in 1990-2019, 95% Uncertainty Intervals (UIs), and correlations with Sociodemographic Index (SDI), were estimated. Findings: In 2019, rates per 100,000 population were 16,983 (95% UI 12,823 – 21,630) for MDs, 3,891 (3,020 - 4,905) for SUDs, and 89·1 (63·8 - 123·1) for self-harm. In terms of disability, anxiety contributed to 647·3 (432–912·3) YLDs, while in terms of premature death, self-harm contributed to 319·6 (248·9–412·8) YLLs, per 100,000 population. Over the 30 years studied, YLDs increased in eating disorders (14·9%;9·4-20·1) and drug use disorders (16·9%;8·9-26·3), and decreased in idiopathic developmental intellectual disability (–29·1%;23·8-38·5). YLLs decreased in self-harm (–27·9%;38·3-18·7). Variations were found by sex, age-group and country. The burden of SUDs and self-harm was higher in countries with lower SDI, MDs were associated with SUDs. Interpretation: Mental health conditions represent an important burden among young people living in Europe. National policies should strengthen mental health, with a specific focus on young people. Funding: The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Europe, Mental disorders, Mental health, Self-harm, Substance use, Young people
2666-7762
100341
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Lee, Paul
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Lee, Paul , GBD 2019 mental disorders collaborator (2022) The burden of mental disorders, substance use disorders and self-harm among young people in Europe, 1990–2019: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, 16, 100341, [100341]. (doi:10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100341).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Background: Mental health is a public health issue for European young people, with great heterogeneity in resource allocation. Representative population-based studies are needed. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019 provides internationally comparable information on trends in the health status of populations and changes in the leading causes of disease burden over time. Methods: Prevalence, incidence, Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) and Years of Life Lost (YLLs) from mental disorders (MDs), substance use disorders (SUDs) and self-harm were estimated for young people aged 10-24 years in 31 European countries. Rates per 100,000 population, percentage changes in 1990-2019, 95% Uncertainty Intervals (UIs), and correlations with Sociodemographic Index (SDI), were estimated. Findings: In 2019, rates per 100,000 population were 16,983 (95% UI 12,823 – 21,630) for MDs, 3,891 (3,020 - 4,905) for SUDs, and 89·1 (63·8 - 123·1) for self-harm. In terms of disability, anxiety contributed to 647·3 (432–912·3) YLDs, while in terms of premature death, self-harm contributed to 319·6 (248·9–412·8) YLLs, per 100,000 population. Over the 30 years studied, YLDs increased in eating disorders (14·9%;9·4-20·1) and drug use disorders (16·9%;8·9-26·3), and decreased in idiopathic developmental intellectual disability (–29·1%;23·8-38·5). YLLs decreased in self-harm (–27·9%;38·3-18·7). Variations were found by sex, age-group and country. The burden of SUDs and self-harm was higher in countries with lower SDI, MDs were associated with SUDs. Interpretation: Mental health conditions represent an important burden among young people living in Europe. National policies should strengthen mental health, with a specific focus on young people. Funding: The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

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More information

Published date: May 2022
Additional Information: Funding Information: Please see appendix section for more detailed information about individual author contributions to the research, divided into the following categories: providing data or critical feedback on data sources; developing methods or computational machinery; providing critical feedback on methods or results; drafting the manuscript or revising it critically for important intellectual content; and managing the overall research enterprise. Members of the core research team for this topic area had full access to the underlying data used to generate estimates presented in this article. All other authors had access to and reviewed estimates as part of the research evaluation process, which includes additional stages of formal review. T W Bärnighausen was supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor award, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. F Carvalho acknowledges support from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), I.P. in the scope of the project UIDP/04378/2020 and UIDB/04378/2020 of the Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences - UCIBIO and the project LA/P/0140/2020 of the Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy - i4HB; FCT/MCTES (Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior) through the project UIDB/50006/2020. M Carvalho acknowledges the support from FCT in the scope of the project UIDP/04378/2020 and UIDB/04378/2020 of UCIBIO and the project LA/P/0140/2020 of i4HB. J S Chandan is funded on a lectureship post by the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) and has been awarded funds from the NIHR and the Youth Endowment Fund. S Dias da Silva acknowledges the projects UIDP/04378/2021 and UIDB/04378/2021 of the Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences–UCIBIO; the project LA/P/0140/2021 of the Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy–i4HB; and TOXRUN – Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, IUCS-CESPU, Portugal. A J Ferrari is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Early Career Fellowship Grant APP1121516 and is employed by the Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research which receives core funding from the Queensland Department of Health. S V Katikireddi would like to acknowledge funding from a NRS Senior Clinical Fellowship (SCAF/15/02), the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00022/2) and the Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office (SPHSU17). J H Kauppila reports research grants from Sigrid Jusélius Foundation and the Finnish Cancer Foundation. M Kivimaki was supported by the Wellcome Trust (221854/Z/20/Z) and the Medical Research Council, UK (MR/R024227/1, MR/S011676/1). M Kumar would like to acknowledge funding support from K43 TW010716-04/NIH Fogarty International Centre. T Lallukka is supported by the Social Insurance Institution of Finland (grant 29/26/2020). J A Loureiro was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e Técnologia (FCT) under the Scientific Employment Stimulus [CEECINST/00049/2018]. J J McGrath was supported by the Danish National Research Foundation (Niels Bohr Professorship), and is employed by The Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research which receives core funding from the Queensland Health. A-F A Mentis would like to acknowledge funding ‘MilkSafe: A novel pipeline to enrich formula milk using omics technologies’, a research co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund of the European Union and Greek national funds through the Operational Program Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation, under the call RESEARCH - CREATE - INNOVATE (project code: T2EDK-02222), as well as from ELIDEK (Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation, MIMS-860) both outside the submitted work. J P Silva acknowledges support, through Portuguese national funds via FCT/MCTES, from grants number UIDP/04378/2021 and UIDB/04378/2021 of the Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences (UCIBIO), and LA/P/0140/2021 of the Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy (i4HB). To download the data used in these analyses, please visit the Global Health Data Exchange GBD 2019 website (http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2019). F M J Postma reports stock or stock options from Health-Ecore and PAG, outside the submitted work. N Steel reports grants from Public Health England to their institution, outside the submitted work. R M Viner reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Canadian Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry for lecture on mental health aspects of COVID-19 pandemic; leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as the President of Royal College of Paediatrics & Child Health, 2018-2021; all outside the submitted work. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)
Keywords: Europe, Mental disorders, Mental health, Self-harm, Substance use, Young people

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Local EPrints ID: 475564
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/475564
ISSN: 2666-7762
PURE UUID: 9283919d-5665-44ee-9b7c-68e1542ab5e9
ORCID for Paul Lee: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-5729-6450

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Date deposited: 21 Mar 2023 17:46
Last modified: 18 Mar 2024 04:09

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Contributors

Author: Giulio Castelpietra
Author: Ann Kristin Skrindo Knudsen
Author: Emilie E. Agardh
Author: Benedetta Armocida
Author: Massimiliano Beghi
Author: Kim Moesgaard Iburg
Author: Giancarlo Logroscino
Author: Rui Ma
Author: Fabrizio Starace
Author: Nicholas Steel
Author: Giovanni Addolorato
Author: Catalina Liliana Andrei
Author: Tudorel Andrei
Author: Jose L. Ayuso-Mateos
Author: Maciej Banach
Author: Till Winfried Bärnighausen
Author: Francesco Barone-Adesi
Author: Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula
Author: Felix Carvalho
Author: Márcia Carvalho
Author: Joht Singh Chandan
Author: Vijay Kumar Chattu
Author: Rosa A.S. Couto
Author: Natália Cruz-Martins
Author: Paul I. Dargan
Author: Keshab Deuba
Author: Diana Dias da Silva
Author: Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe
Author: Eduarda Fernandes
Author: Pietro Ferrara
Author: Florian Fischer
Author: Peter Andras Gaal
Author: Alessandro Gialluisi
Author: Juanita A. Haagsma
Author: Josep Maria Haro
Author: M. Tasdik Hasan
Author: Syed Shahzad Hasan
Author: Sorin Hostiuc
Author: Licia Iacoviello
Author: Ivo Iavicoli
Author: Elham Jamshidi
Author: Jost B. Jonas
Author: Tamas Joo
Author: Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak
Author: Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi
Author: Joonas H. Kauppila
Author: Moien A.B. Khan
Author: Adnan Kisa
Author: Sezer Kisa
Author: Mika Kivimäki
Author: Paul Lee ORCID iD
Corporate Author: GBD 2019 mental disorders collaborator

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