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Epochs, events and episodes: marking the geological impact of humans

Epochs, events and episodes: marking the geological impact of humans
Epochs, events and episodes: marking the geological impact of humans

Event stratigraphy is used to help characterise the Anthropocene as a chronostratigraphic concept, based on analogous deep-time events, for which we provide a novel categorization. Events in stratigraphy are distinct from extensive, time-transgressive ‘episodes’ – such as the global, highly diachronous record of anthropogenic change, termed here an Anthropogenic Modification Episode (AME). Nested within the AME are many geologically correlatable events, the most notable being those of the Great Acceleration Event Array (GAEA). This isochronous array of anthropogenic signals represents brief, unique events evident in geological deposits, e.g.: onset of the radionuclide ‘bomb-spike’; appearance of novel organic chemicals and fuel ash particles; marked changes in patterns of sedimentary deposition, heavy metal contents and carbon/nitrogen isotopic ratios; and ecosystem changes leaving a global fossil record; all around the mid-20th century. The GAEA reflects a fundamental transition of the Earth System to a new state in which many parameters now lie beyond the range of Holocene variability. Globally near-instantaneous events can provide robust primary guides for chronostratigraphic boundaries. Given the intensity, magnitude, planetary significance and global isochroneity of the GAEA, it provides a suitable level for recognition of the base of the Anthropocene as a series/epoch.

Anthropocene, Anthropogenic modification episode, chronostratigraphy, Great Acceleration Event Array
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Waters, Colin N.
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Williams, Mark
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Turner, Simon D.
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Steffen, Will
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Leinfelder, Reinhold
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Han, Yongming
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Fairchild, Ian J.
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Waters, Colin N.
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Turner, Simon D.
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Wing, Scott L.
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Wagreich, Michael
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Steffen, Will
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Summerhayes, Colin P.
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Zinke, Jens
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Leinfelder, Reinhold
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Haff, Peter K.
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McNeill, J.R.
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Rose, Neil L.
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McCarthy, Francine M.G.
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Cearreta, Alejandro
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Gałuszka, Agnieszka
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Syvitski, Jaia
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Han, Yongming
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An, Zhisheng
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Fairchild, Ian J.
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Ivar do Sul, Juliana A.
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Jeandel, Catherine
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Waters, Colin N., Williams, Mark, Zalasiewicz, Jan, Turner, Simon D., Barnosky, Anthony D., Head, Martin J., Wing, Scott L., Wagreich, Michael, Steffen, Will, Summerhayes, Colin P., Cundy, Andrew B., Zinke, Jens, Fiałkiewicz-Kozieł, Barbara, Leinfelder, Reinhold, Haff, Peter K., McNeill, J.R., Rose, Neil L., Hajdas, Irka, McCarthy, Francine M.G., Cearreta, Alejandro, Gałuszka, Agnieszka, Syvitski, Jaia, Han, Yongming, An, Zhisheng, Fairchild, Ian J., Ivar do Sul, Juliana A. and Jeandel, Catherine (2022) Epochs, events and episodes: marking the geological impact of humans. Earth-Science Reviews, 234, [104171]. (doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.104171).

Record type: Review

Abstract

Event stratigraphy is used to help characterise the Anthropocene as a chronostratigraphic concept, based on analogous deep-time events, for which we provide a novel categorization. Events in stratigraphy are distinct from extensive, time-transgressive ‘episodes’ – such as the global, highly diachronous record of anthropogenic change, termed here an Anthropogenic Modification Episode (AME). Nested within the AME are many geologically correlatable events, the most notable being those of the Great Acceleration Event Array (GAEA). This isochronous array of anthropogenic signals represents brief, unique events evident in geological deposits, e.g.: onset of the radionuclide ‘bomb-spike’; appearance of novel organic chemicals and fuel ash particles; marked changes in patterns of sedimentary deposition, heavy metal contents and carbon/nitrogen isotopic ratios; and ecosystem changes leaving a global fossil record; all around the mid-20th century. The GAEA reflects a fundamental transition of the Earth System to a new state in which many parameters now lie beyond the range of Holocene variability. Globally near-instantaneous events can provide robust primary guides for chronostratigraphic boundaries. Given the intensity, magnitude, planetary significance and global isochroneity of the GAEA, it provides a suitable level for recognition of the base of the Anthropocene as a series/epoch.

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e-pub ahead of print date: 6 September 2022
Published date: 2 November 2022
Additional Information: Funding Information: Colin Waters (NB. funding is for AWG, which includes coauthors too) reports a relationship with Haus der Kulturen der Welt, Berlin that includes: funding grants. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors
Keywords: Anthropocene, Anthropogenic modification episode, chronostratigraphy, Great Acceleration Event Array

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 475918
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/475918
ISSN: 0012-8252
PURE UUID: 5184eb4e-db73-4cd3-9b38-8520da62b676
ORCID for Andrew B. Cundy: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-2569

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 31 Mar 2023 16:31
Last modified: 06 Jun 2024 01:54

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Contributors

Author: Colin N. Waters
Author: Mark Williams
Author: Jan Zalasiewicz
Author: Simon D. Turner
Author: Anthony D. Barnosky
Author: Martin J. Head
Author: Scott L. Wing
Author: Michael Wagreich
Author: Will Steffen
Author: Colin P. Summerhayes
Author: Andrew B. Cundy ORCID iD
Author: Jens Zinke
Author: Barbara Fiałkiewicz-Kozieł
Author: Reinhold Leinfelder
Author: Peter K. Haff
Author: J.R. McNeill
Author: Neil L. Rose
Author: Irka Hajdas
Author: Francine M.G. McCarthy
Author: Alejandro Cearreta
Author: Agnieszka Gałuszka
Author: Jaia Syvitski
Author: Yongming Han
Author: Zhisheng An
Author: Ian J. Fairchild
Author: Juliana A. Ivar do Sul
Author: Catherine Jeandel

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