Myopia control effect Is influenced by baseline relative peripheral refraction in children wearing Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) Spectacle Lenses
Myopia control effect Is influenced by baseline relative peripheral refraction in children wearing Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) Spectacle Lenses
The aim of this study is to investigate if baseline relative peripheral refraction (RPR) influences the myopia control effects in Chinese myopic children wearing Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) lenses. Peripheral refraction at 10◦, 20◦, and 30◦ nasal (10 N, 20 N, 30 N) and temporal (10 T, 20 T, 30 T) retina were measured at six-month intervals for children who participated in a 2-year randomized controlled trial. The relationship between the baseline peripheral refractions and myopia progression and axial length changes were analysed. A total of 79 children and 81 children in the DIMS and single vision (SV) group were investigated, respectively. In the DIMS group, more baseline myopic RPR spherical equivalent (SE) was associated with more myopic progression (10 N: r = 0.36, p = 0.001; 20 N: r = 0.35, p = 0.001) and greater axial elongation (10 N: r = −0.34, p = 0.001; 20 N: r = −0.29, p = 0.006) after adjusting for co-factors. In the SV group, baseline RPR had association with only myopia progression (10 N: r = 0.37, p = 0.001; 20 N: r = 0.36, p = 0.001; 30 N: r = 0.35, p = 0.002) but not with axial elongation after Bonferroni correction (p > 0.008). No statistically significant relationship was found between temporal retina and myopia progression or axial elongation in both groups. Children with baseline myopic RPR had statistically significant more myopia progression (mean difference around −0.40 D) and more axial elongation (mean difference 0.15 mm) when compared with the children having baseline hyperopic RPR in the DIMS group but not in the SV group. In conclusion, the baseline RPR profile may not influence future myopia progression or axial elongation for the SV lens wearers. However, DIMS lenses slowed down myopia progression and was better in myopia control for the children with baseline hyperopic RPR than the children with myopic RPR. This may partially explain why myopia control effects vary among myopic children. Customised myopic defocus for individuals may optimise myopia control effects, and further research to determine the optimal dosage, with consideration of peripheral retinal profile, is warranted.
myopia, myopia control, myopic defocus, relative peripheral refraction
Zhang, Hanyu
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Lam, Carly S.Y.
a026fe18-9e48-4a25-99d9-80c0fa1dc5c8
Tang, Wing Chun
f85ea433-5e85-48b2-b3ac-2966a1862761
Leung, Myra
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Qi, Hua
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Lee, Paul H.
02620eab-ae7f-4a1c-bad1-8a50e7e48951
To, Chi Ho
e004ab8c-47be-4179-878a-b457a4c2039c
20 April 2022
Zhang, Hanyu
760188f7-5c68-46ae-aa37-9038586dd3d7
Lam, Carly S.Y.
a026fe18-9e48-4a25-99d9-80c0fa1dc5c8
Tang, Wing Chun
f85ea433-5e85-48b2-b3ac-2966a1862761
Leung, Myra
3039561f-0bd5-4e6a-abb0-75089007bc6a
Qi, Hua
3404a8db-7d28-4147-9b8a-121f2446c72d
Lee, Paul H.
02620eab-ae7f-4a1c-bad1-8a50e7e48951
To, Chi Ho
e004ab8c-47be-4179-878a-b457a4c2039c
Zhang, Hanyu, Lam, Carly S.Y., Tang, Wing Chun, Leung, Myra, Qi, Hua, Lee, Paul H. and To, Chi Ho
(2022)
Myopia control effect Is influenced by baseline relative peripheral refraction in children wearing Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) Spectacle Lenses.
Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11 (9), [2294].
(doi:10.3390/jcm11092294).
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate if baseline relative peripheral refraction (RPR) influences the myopia control effects in Chinese myopic children wearing Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) lenses. Peripheral refraction at 10◦, 20◦, and 30◦ nasal (10 N, 20 N, 30 N) and temporal (10 T, 20 T, 30 T) retina were measured at six-month intervals for children who participated in a 2-year randomized controlled trial. The relationship between the baseline peripheral refractions and myopia progression and axial length changes were analysed. A total of 79 children and 81 children in the DIMS and single vision (SV) group were investigated, respectively. In the DIMS group, more baseline myopic RPR spherical equivalent (SE) was associated with more myopic progression (10 N: r = 0.36, p = 0.001; 20 N: r = 0.35, p = 0.001) and greater axial elongation (10 N: r = −0.34, p = 0.001; 20 N: r = −0.29, p = 0.006) after adjusting for co-factors. In the SV group, baseline RPR had association with only myopia progression (10 N: r = 0.37, p = 0.001; 20 N: r = 0.36, p = 0.001; 30 N: r = 0.35, p = 0.002) but not with axial elongation after Bonferroni correction (p > 0.008). No statistically significant relationship was found between temporal retina and myopia progression or axial elongation in both groups. Children with baseline myopic RPR had statistically significant more myopia progression (mean difference around −0.40 D) and more axial elongation (mean difference 0.15 mm) when compared with the children having baseline hyperopic RPR in the DIMS group but not in the SV group. In conclusion, the baseline RPR profile may not influence future myopia progression or axial elongation for the SV lens wearers. However, DIMS lenses slowed down myopia progression and was better in myopia control for the children with baseline hyperopic RPR than the children with myopic RPR. This may partially explain why myopia control effects vary among myopic children. Customised myopic defocus for individuals may optimise myopia control effects, and further research to determine the optimal dosage, with consideration of peripheral retinal profile, is warranted.
Text
jcm-11-02294
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Accepted/In Press date: 16 April 2022
Published date: 20 April 2022
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
Funding: This was a collaborative research project supported by HOYA, Tokyo, Japan and Hong Kong PolyU grants: RUQT, 848K, ZVN1 and ZG5N. The sponsor also provided specially manufactured spectacle lenses and frames.
Funding Information:
Conflicts of Interest: This collaborative research was partially supported by HOYA Corporation, Tokyo, Japan. Dr Hua Qi is an employee in the R&D of HOYA Corporation, Tokyo, Japan. Patents titled ‘Spectacle Lens’ in China (CN104678572 B) and USA (US10268050 B2) were issued on 27 April 2018 and 23 April 2019, respectively.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Keywords:
myopia, myopia control, myopic defocus, relative peripheral refraction
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 475968
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/475968
ISSN: 2077-0383
PURE UUID: 54a79247-4baa-40cf-92ad-1e5bd649644f
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Date deposited: 03 Apr 2023 16:37
Last modified: 18 Mar 2024 04:09
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Author:
Hanyu Zhang
Author:
Carly S.Y. Lam
Author:
Wing Chun Tang
Author:
Myra Leung
Author:
Hua Qi
Author:
Paul H. Lee
Author:
Chi Ho To
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