Morphological variation across space does not predict phenotypic change through time in two Neogene planktonic foraminifera species
Morphological variation across space does not predict phenotypic change through time in two Neogene planktonic foraminifera species
Introduction: Lines of least resistance, or the direction of maximum phenotypic variation, are reliable predictive tools for directions of evolutionary divergence through time. However, the consistency of trait covariation patterns through space, i.e. in different populations of the same taxa inhabiting different environmental settings, remains poorly established. Methods: To test whether the predicted direction of evolutionary change is the same through time as it is across space, we compare within- and among-population trait covariation patterns across six Atlantic populations of two planktonic foraminifera species. Our study interval is 600,000 years long, spans the Neogene/Quaternary boundary and includes Earth’s most recent major natural shift in global climate state: the intensification of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation. Results: We show that, despite powerful global temporal changes in climate, there is a strong spatial signal in the evolutionary response. Population-specific trait covariation slopes vary among sites, climate phases and core/edge position within the species’ biogeographic range. Discussion: Our results imply that the direction of expected evolutionary change does not align across populations. This suggests that trait covariation patterns in the study species are driven by adaptation to local environmental settings rather than species-wide constraints. Single populations should therefore not be used to predict the response of other populations, even if they are faced with similar environmental conditions. We caution against using individual populations to project future response of other/global populations unless the underlying mechanism for trait covariation is shown to be universal.
Pliocene, climate change, foraminifera, lines of least resistance, microevolution, plankton
Brombacher, Anieke
2a4bbb84-4743-4a36-973b-4ad2bf743154
Wilson, Paul
f940a9f0-fa5a-4a64-9061-f0794bfbf7c6
Bailey, Ian
e659068f-e591-4185-afd1-5e19a5794bda
Ezard, Thomas
a143a893-07d0-4673-a2dd-cea2cd7e1374
5 April 2023
Brombacher, Anieke
2a4bbb84-4743-4a36-973b-4ad2bf743154
Wilson, Paul
f940a9f0-fa5a-4a64-9061-f0794bfbf7c6
Bailey, Ian
e659068f-e591-4185-afd1-5e19a5794bda
Ezard, Thomas
a143a893-07d0-4673-a2dd-cea2cd7e1374
Brombacher, Anieke, Wilson, Paul, Bailey, Ian and Ezard, Thomas
(2023)
Morphological variation across space does not predict phenotypic change through time in two Neogene planktonic foraminifera species.
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 11, [1165174].
(doi:10.3389/fevo.2023.1165174).
Abstract
Introduction: Lines of least resistance, or the direction of maximum phenotypic variation, are reliable predictive tools for directions of evolutionary divergence through time. However, the consistency of trait covariation patterns through space, i.e. in different populations of the same taxa inhabiting different environmental settings, remains poorly established. Methods: To test whether the predicted direction of evolutionary change is the same through time as it is across space, we compare within- and among-population trait covariation patterns across six Atlantic populations of two planktonic foraminifera species. Our study interval is 600,000 years long, spans the Neogene/Quaternary boundary and includes Earth’s most recent major natural shift in global climate state: the intensification of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation. Results: We show that, despite powerful global temporal changes in climate, there is a strong spatial signal in the evolutionary response. Population-specific trait covariation slopes vary among sites, climate phases and core/edge position within the species’ biogeographic range. Discussion: Our results imply that the direction of expected evolutionary change does not align across populations. This suggests that trait covariation patterns in the study species are driven by adaptation to local environmental settings rather than species-wide constraints. Single populations should therefore not be used to predict the response of other populations, even if they are faced with similar environmental conditions. We caution against using individual populations to project future response of other/global populations unless the underlying mechanism for trait covariation is shown to be universal.
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fevo-11-1165174
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Accepted/In Press date: 17 March 2023
Published date: 5 April 2023
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council awards NE/J018163/1 and NE/P019269/1. PW acknowledges a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award. Samples were provided by the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP), which is sponsored by the US National Science Foundation and participating countries under management of Joint Oceanographic Institutions, Inc.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2023 Brombacher, Wilson, Bailey and Ezard.
Keywords:
Pliocene, climate change, foraminifera, lines of least resistance, microevolution, plankton
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Local EPrints ID: 476281
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/476281
PURE UUID: ecbd6c62-44c8-42c6-8094-8f999cfc55f9
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Date deposited: 18 Apr 2023 16:40
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 03:48
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Author:
Ian Bailey
Author:
Thomas Ezard
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