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A wearable insole system to measure plantar pressure and shear for people with diabetes

A wearable insole system to measure plantar pressure and shear for people with diabetes
A wearable insole system to measure plantar pressure and shear for people with diabetes
Pressure coupled with shear stresses are the critical external factors for diabetic foot ulceration assessment and prevention. To date, a wearable system capable of measuring in-shoe multi-directional stresses for out-of-lab analysis has been elusive. The lack of an insole system capable of measuring plantar pressure and shear hinders the development of an effective foot ulcer prevention solution that could be potentially used in a daily living environment. This study reports the development of a first-of-its-kind sensorised insole system and its evaluation in laboratory settings and on human participants, indicating its potential as a wearable technology to be used in real-world applications. Laboratory evaluation revealed that the linearity error and accuracy error of the sensorised insole system were up to 3% and 5%, respectively. When evaluated on a healthy participant, change in footwear resulted in approximately 20%, 75% and 82% change in pressure, medial–lateral and anterior–posterior shear stress, respectively. When evaluated on diabetic participants, no notable difference in peak plantar pressure, as a result of wearing the sensorised insole, was measured. The preliminary results showed that the performance of the sensorised insole system is comparable to previously reported research devices. The system has adequate sensitivity to assist footwear assessment relevant to foot ulcer prevention and is safe to use for people with diabetes. The reported insole system presents the potential to help assess diabetic foot ulceration risk in a daily living environment underpinned by wearable pressure and shear sensing technologies.
diabetic foot ulcer, insole system, plantar stress, pressure, shear
1424-8220
Tang, Jinghua
b4b9a22c-fd6d-427a-9ab1-51184c1d2a2c
Bader, Daniel L.
9884d4f6-2607-4d48-bf0c-62bdcc0d1dbf
Moser, David
09874cab-348f-47f9-b018-1c2875d16998
Parker, Daniel J.
973ddaef-b791-4f1e-8d29-4b8c356dba72
Forghany, Saeed
3bb4ab4b-9af8-4069-b9ae-d64c1495b526
Nester, Christopher J.
33a8ddce-a05d-4bb3-a4fc-c30538afeaef
Jiang, Liudi
374f2414-51f0-418f-a316-e7db0d6dc4d1
Tang, Jinghua
b4b9a22c-fd6d-427a-9ab1-51184c1d2a2c
Bader, Daniel L.
9884d4f6-2607-4d48-bf0c-62bdcc0d1dbf
Moser, David
09874cab-348f-47f9-b018-1c2875d16998
Parker, Daniel J.
973ddaef-b791-4f1e-8d29-4b8c356dba72
Forghany, Saeed
3bb4ab4b-9af8-4069-b9ae-d64c1495b526
Nester, Christopher J.
33a8ddce-a05d-4bb3-a4fc-c30538afeaef
Jiang, Liudi
374f2414-51f0-418f-a316-e7db0d6dc4d1

Tang, Jinghua, Bader, Daniel L., Moser, David, Parker, Daniel J., Forghany, Saeed, Nester, Christopher J. and Jiang, Liudi (2023) A wearable insole system to measure plantar pressure and shear for people with diabetes. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 23 (6), [3126]. (doi:10.3390/s23063126).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Pressure coupled with shear stresses are the critical external factors for diabetic foot ulceration assessment and prevention. To date, a wearable system capable of measuring in-shoe multi-directional stresses for out-of-lab analysis has been elusive. The lack of an insole system capable of measuring plantar pressure and shear hinders the development of an effective foot ulcer prevention solution that could be potentially used in a daily living environment. This study reports the development of a first-of-its-kind sensorised insole system and its evaluation in laboratory settings and on human participants, indicating its potential as a wearable technology to be used in real-world applications. Laboratory evaluation revealed that the linearity error and accuracy error of the sensorised insole system were up to 3% and 5%, respectively. When evaluated on a healthy participant, change in footwear resulted in approximately 20%, 75% and 82% change in pressure, medial–lateral and anterior–posterior shear stress, respectively. When evaluated on diabetic participants, no notable difference in peak plantar pressure, as a result of wearing the sensorised insole, was measured. The preliminary results showed that the performance of the sensorised insole system is comparable to previously reported research devices. The system has adequate sensitivity to assist footwear assessment relevant to foot ulcer prevention and is safe to use for people with diabetes. The reported insole system presents the potential to help assess diabetic foot ulceration risk in a daily living environment underpinned by wearable pressure and shear sensing technologies.

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Accepted/In Press date: 13 March 2023
Published date: 15 March 2023
Additional Information: Funding Information: This study is funded by the NIHR Invention for Innovation (i4i) Programme (NIHR201315). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.
Keywords: diabetic foot ulcer, insole system, plantar stress, pressure, shear

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 476299
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/476299
ISSN: 1424-8220
PURE UUID: bdcb5264-16d9-4c5a-874e-798f80968666
ORCID for Jinghua Tang: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-3359-5891
ORCID for Daniel L. Bader: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-1208-3507
ORCID for Liudi Jiang: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-3400-825X

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 19 Apr 2023 16:31
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 03:47

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Contributors

Author: Jinghua Tang ORCID iD
Author: Daniel L. Bader ORCID iD
Author: David Moser
Author: Daniel J. Parker
Author: Saeed Forghany
Author: Christopher J. Nester
Author: Liudi Jiang ORCID iD

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